This study explores the ontological perspective in analyzing students' problem-solving related to mechanical energy conservation. The research involves 18 high school students whose explanations were qualitatively analyzed using an extended ontological framework. Initially, students predominantly employed matter-based predicates and…

The ability to reason with representations is pivotal for successful learning in Organic Chemistry and is closely linked to representational competence. Given the visual nature of this discipline, this comprises competency in extracting and processing relevant visual information. With regard to the resonance concept, proficiency in identifying…

Research carried out through the last 20 years gave us undeniable evidence that to learn anything we need to be active participants, not passive observers. One of the important aspects of learning physics is constructing explanations of physical phenomena. To support and guide students toward constructing their explanations, teachers need to be…

To make sense of our interconnected and algorithm driven world, students increasingly need proficiency with computational thinking (CT), systems thinking (ST), and computational modeling. One aspect of computational modeling that can support students with CT, ST, and modeling is testing and debugging. Testing and debugging enables students to…

The work presented in the following chapters was undertaken with the goal of understanding and improving education in organic chemistry. Initial work, described in Chapters 1 and 2, focuses on students' ability to explain and rationalize the outcomes of organic chemistry reactions. Chapter 1 explores the relationship between assessment emphasis…

The low level of students' scientific reasoning skills is caused by the low-quality learning process. Action is needed to improve the learning process by applying innovative learning models, the Reading, Identification, Constructing, Solving, Reviewing, and Extending (RICOSRE) learning model. This research aims to determine the effect of RICOSRE…

The field of anatomy is often seen by nonanatomists as concerned primarily with the tasks of locating, naming, and describing structures; these tasks, in turn, are often assumed to require only lower-order cognitive skills (LOCSs), i.e., the Knowledge or Comprehension levels of Bloom's taxonomy. Many nonanatomists may thus believe that studying…

This research is a comprehensive mixed-methods study that aims to examine in depth the correlations between science teachers' research literacy, socio-scientific reasoning, and problem-solving skills. The quantitative phase of the research was conducted using a descriptive survey method, while the qualitative phase employed a case study design.…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in enhancing educational practices, particularly in technology-assisted learning environments. This study critically evaluates the reasoning capabilities of LLMs, such as ChatGPT, within the context of chemistry education. We designed targeted adversarial prompts that…

We discuss an investigation of student sensemaking and reasoning in the context of degenerate perturbation theory (DPT) in quantum mechanics. We find that advanced undergraduate and graduate students in quantum physics courses often struggled with expertlike sensemaking and reasoning to solve DPT problems. The sensemaking and reasoning were…

Pre-service teachers need creative thinking and problem solving skills to support their teaching quality. The aims of this research: (1) problems in science teaching, creative thinking and problem solving skills of pre-service teachers; (2) improvements of creative thinking and problem solving skills of pre-service teachers through Ethno-SETSaR…

The increasing and diversifying student enrollments in introductory physics courses make reliable, valid, and usable instruments for measuring student skills and gains ever more important. In introductory physics, in addition to teaching facts about mechanics, we also seek to teach our students the skills of "thinking like a physicist,"…

Making predictions and observations, interpreting data, and drawing conclusions are all examples of scientific problem-solving procedures. The purpose of this research was 1) to develop scientific problem-solving skills by applying problem-based learning as a basis for students in grade 9 to pass the 70 percent requirement and 2) to study the…

The current study aims to examine the effects of prospective chemistry teachers' chemistry laboratory teaching experiences using different laboratory approaches on their metacognitive thinking skills and perceptions of problem-solving skills. The study is designed as "'the quasi-experimental non-equivalent pre-test/post-test control group…

Reform documents advocate for innovative pedagogical strategies to enhance student learning. A key innovation is the integration of science and engineering practices through engineering design (ED)-based physics laboratory tasks, where students tackle engineering design problems by applying physics principles. While this approach has its benefits,…