The study of energy metabolism is fundamental in multiple disciplines, such as biochemistry, bioengineering, biomedicine, etc. Traditionally, in high school and college level courses, students are taught energy metabolism (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation) through diagrams of metabolic pathways that depict the transformation…

Only limited experimental designs for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds are provided in current widely used Organic Chemistry Experiment textbooks, which cannot meet the practical needs of teaching. Under the concept of green chemistry, this study provides an innovative protocol for the synthesis of a thiazoline heterocycle from…

Laboratory experience is vital to undergraduate science education. It allows students to observe and conduct engaging experiments to enhance their skills and literacy, helps them retain knowledge, and deepens their understanding of related content covered in lectures. This paper reports a 4-week undergraduate laboratory exercise on…

The biology laboratory at State Senior High School (SSHS) 1 of Rasau Jaya has not been fully utilized, necessitating evaluation and improvement. This study aimed to determine the suitability of laboratory facilities and infrastructure at SSHS 1 of Rasau Jaya in relation to the existing standards set by the national regulations. This is a…

Raman spectroscopy, a powerful vibrational spectroscopic technique widely used in chemistry, materials science, and environmental analysis, provides critical molecular insights through spectral fingerprints. However, undergraduate students often lack proficiency in optimizing experimental parameters, interpreting vibrational modes, and applying…

An integrated laboratory experience in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is designed for undergraduate and graduate students in chemistry, materials science, and other related fields. Focusing on ubiquitous Si, Cu, and their common oxides, students are guided to characterize a series of standard materials by XPS to understand the fundamentals…

This work presents a modernized lab module for nitrite analysis using a novel probe, AAC (4-(2-aminophenyl)-7-(diethylamino)-2H-chromen-2-one, C[subscript 19]H[subscript 20]N[subscript 2]O[subscript 2]), offering a safer and more sensitive alternative derived from recent research. The 12-h module follows a three-stage structure (Basic…

Previous research has found gender inequitable equipment usage across various lab course contexts. Few studies, however, have tested possible remediation strategies. In this work, we use hierarchical linear modeling to compare men and women's lab equipment usage in two group work structures across three course contexts. In one in-person course,…

Here, we propose a laboratory exercise to quickly determine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human "alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B)" and "aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)" genes involved in alcohol metabolism. In this exercise, two different genotyping methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), namely…

After a time away from the classrooms and laboratories due to the global pandemic, the return to teaching activities during the semester represented a challenge to both teachers and students. Our particular situation in a Microbial Physiology course was the necessity of imparting in shorter time, laboratory practices that usually take longer. This…

Laboratory chemical synthesis research typically lacks the preplanned hazard responses found in production-scale industrial laboratories. Chemical safety management is a known challenge in education-based facilities, which is concerning for academic and national laboratory environments working with inexperienced student researchers. At the…

The purposes of the study were to examine the effectiveness of small-scale chemistry laboratory kits on chemistry preservice teachers' teaching competencies and to examine the effectiveness of small-scale chemistry laboratory kits on learners' science competencies. The target group consisted of (1) 20 fourth-year preservice chemistry teachers who…

The increasing availability of digital tools in science classrooms can provide students with more frequent and easier access to large amounts of data. Large data sets have considerable epistemological potential, as they enable, for instance, the observation of otherwise unobservable phenomena, but it must be assumed that handling them places…

It is well known that allowing students to put theory into practice is beneficial to consolidate knowledge and to better memorise the topics that are discussed in class. Furthermore, practical work is a valuable asset to stimulate students' attention and represents one of the keys to the success of the scientific experience in school. Didactic…

Discussion-based outcomes of organic chemistry laboratory experiments form a powerful tool to create a learning environment, facilitate teamwork, and build scientific skills and analytical ability for undergraduate science students. A Knoevenagel-type condensation reaction was selected to demonstrate these results by taking phenylacetonitrile and…