The global competition and related international academic mobility in science and research is rising. Within this context, Europe faces quantitative skills shortages, including an estimate of between 800,000 and one million researchers. Within Europe skills imbalances and mismatches increase, with a growing divergence between countries and…

As part of its mandate from Congress, the National Science Board oversees the collection of a very broad set of quantitative information about U.S. science, engineering and technology, and every 2 years publishes the data and trends in its "Science and Engineering Indicators" ("Indicators") report. On occasion, the data reveal trends that raise…

American economic strength and national security depend on our tradition of innovation. To ensure continued technological leadership in the world, President Bush announced the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) in his State of the Union address. The ACI commits $5.9 billion in FY 2007, and more than $136 billion over 10 years, to increase…

This six-chapter report is designed to provide a background against which the U.S. Congress can evaluate specific policy initiatives in the innovation area. Chapter I, an introduction, considers the potential for increased innovation and the government role, focusing on R&D investments and private-sector incentives. Chapter II discusses the links…

Keeping our competitive edge in the world economy requires focused policies that lay the groundwork for continued leadership in innovation, exploration, and ingenuity. America's economic strength and global leadership depend in large measure on our Nation's ability to generate and harness the latest in scientific and technological developments and…