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Weeks, Jonathan; Baron, Patricia – Educational Testing Service, 2021
The current project, Exploring Math Education Relations by Analyzing Large Data Sets (EMERALDS) II, is an attempt to identify specific Common Core State Standards procedural, conceptual, and problem-solving competencies in earlier grades that best predict success in algebraic areas in later grades. The data for this study include two cohorts of…
Descriptors: Mathematics Education, Common Core State Standards, Problem Solving, Mathematics Tests
Livingston, Samuel A. – Educational Testing Service, 2014
This booklet grew out of a half-day class on equating that author Samuel Livingston teaches for new statistical staff at Educational Testing Service (ETS). The class is a nonmathematical introduction to the topic, emphasizing conceptual understanding and practical applications. The class consists of illustrated lectures, interspersed with…
Descriptors: Equated Scores, Scoring, Self Evaluation (Individuals), Scores
Haberman, Shelby J.; Sinharay, Sandip; Lee, Yi-Hsuan – Educational Testing Service, 2011
Providing information to test takers and test score users about the abilities of test takers at different score levels has been a persistent problem in educational and psychological measurement (Carroll, 1993). Scale anchoring (Beaton & Allen, 1992), a technique that describes what students at different points on a score scale know and can do,…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Scores, Regression (Statistics), Item Response Theory
Sawaki, Yasuyo; Nissan, Susan – Educational Testing Service, 2009
The study investigated the criterion-related validity of the "Test of English as a Foreign Language"[TM] Internet-based test (TOEFL[R] iBT) Listening section by examining its relationship to a criterion measure designed to reflect language-use tasks that university students encounter in everyday academic life: listening to academic…
Descriptors: Test Validity, Language Tests, English (Second Language), Computer Assisted Testing
Katz, Irvin R.; Xi, Xiaoming; Kim, Hyun-Joo; Cheng, Peter C. H. – Educational Testing Service, 2004
This research applied a cognitive model to identify item features that lead to irrelevant variance on the Test of Spoken English[TM] (TSE[R]). The TSE is an assessment of English oral proficiency and includes an item that elicits a description of a statistical graph. This item type sometimes appears to tap graph-reading skills--an irrelevant…
Descriptors: Test Format, English, Test Items, Language Proficiency
Rizavi, Saba; Way, Walter D.; Davey, Tim; Herbert, Erin – Educational Testing Service, 2004
Item parameter estimates vary for a variety of reasons, including estimation error, characteristics of the examinee samples, and context effects (e.g., item location effects, section location effects, etc.). Although we expect variation based on theory, there is reason to believe that observed variation in item parameter estimates exceeds what…
Descriptors: Adaptive Testing, Test Items, Computation, Context Effect