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Lydia Bradford – ProQuest LLC, 2024
In randomized control trials (RCT), the recent focus has shifted to how an intervention yields positive results on its intended outcome. This aligns with the recent push of implementation science in healthcare (Bauer et al., 2015) but goes beyond this. RCTs have moved to evaluating the theoretical framing of the intervention as well as differing…
Descriptors: Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Mediation Theory, Randomized Controlled Trials, Research Design
Reardon, Sean F.; Ho, Andrew D.; Kalogrides, Demetra – Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis, 2019
Linking score scales across different tests is considered speculative and fraught, even at the aggregate level (Feuer et al., 1999; Thissen, 2007). We introduce and illustrate validation methods for aggregate linkages, using the challenge of linking U.S. school district average test scores across states as a motivating example. We show that…
Descriptors: Test Validity, Evaluation Methods, School Districts, Scores
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Chan, Wendy – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2018
Policymakers have grown increasingly interested in how experimental results may generalize to a larger population. However, recently developed propensity score-based methods are limited by small sample sizes, where the experimental study is generalized to a population that is at least 20 times larger. This is particularly problematic for methods…
Descriptors: Computation, Generalization, Probability, Sample Size
Bellara, Aarti P. – ProQuest LLC, 2013
Propensity score analysis has been used to minimize the selection bias in observational studies to identify causal relationships. A propensity score is an estimate of an individual's probability of being placed in a treatment group given a set of covariates. Propensity score analysis aims to use the estimate to create balanced groups, akin to a…
Descriptors: Scores, Probability, Monte Carlo Methods, Statistical Analysis
Quesen, Sarah – ProQuest LLC, 2016
When studying differential item functioning (DIF) with students with disabilities (SWD) focal groups typically suffer from small sample size, whereas the reference group population is usually large. This makes it possible for a researcher to select a sample from the reference population to be similar to the focal group on the ability scale. Doing…
Descriptors: Test Items, Academic Accommodations (Disabilities), Testing Accommodations, Disabilities
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Yen, Wendy M.; Lall, Venessa F.; Monfils, Lora – ETS Research Report Series, 2012
Alternatives to vertical scales are compared for measuring longitudinal academic growth and for producing school-level growth measures. The alternatives examined were empirical cross-grade regression, ordinary least squares and logistic regression, and multilevel models. The student data used for the comparisons were Arabic Grades 4 to 10 in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Scaling, Item Response Theory, Test Interpretation