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A New Scoring Method for Item Response Theory Analysis of C-Tests
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Farshad Effatpanah; Purya Baghaei; Mona Tabatabaee-Yazdi; Esmat Babaii – Language Testing, 2025
This study aimed to propose a new method for scoring C-Tests as measures of general language proficiency. In this approach, the unit of analysis is sentences rather than gaps or passages. That is, the gaps correctly reformulated in each sentence were aggregated as sentence score, and then each sentence was entered into the analysis as a polytomous…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Language Tests, Test Items, Test Construction
Psychometric Approaches to Analyzing C-Tests
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Alpizar, David; Li, Tongyun; Norris, John M.; Gu, Lixiong – Language Testing, 2023
The C-test is a type of gap-filling test designed to efficiently measure second language proficiency. The typical C-test consists of several short paragraphs with the second half of every second word deleted. The words with deleted parts are considered as items nested within the corresponding paragraph. Given this testlet structure, it is commonly…
Descriptors: Psychometrics, Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Test Items
Comparing Holistic and Analytic Marking Methods in Assessing Speech Act Production in L2 Chinese
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Li, Shuai; Wen, Ting; Li, Xian; Feng, Yali; Lin, Chuan – Language Testing, 2023
This study compared holistic and analytic marking methods for their effects on parameter estimation (of examinees, raters, and items) and rater cognition in assessing speech act production in L2 Chinese. Seventy American learners of Chinese completed an oral Discourse Completion Test assessing requests and refusals. Four first-language (L1)…
Descriptors: Speech Acts, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Chinese
Lexical Difficulty--Using Elicited Imitation to Study Child L2
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Campfield, Dorota E. – Language Testing, 2017
This paper reports a post-hoc analysis of the influence of lexical difficulty of cue sentences on performance in an elicited imitation (EI) task to assess oral production skills for 645 child L2 English learners in instructional settings. This formed part of a large-scale investigation into effectiveness of foreign language teaching in Polish…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Elementary School Students
Towards a Computer-Delivered Test of Productive Grammatical Ability
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Chapelle, Carol A.; Chung, Yoo-Ree; Hegelheimer, Volker; Pendar, Nick; Xu, Jing – Language Testing, 2010
This study piloted test items that will be used in a computer-delivered and scored test of productive grammatical ability in English as a second language (ESL). Findings from research on learners' development of morphosyntactic, syntactic, and functional knowledge were synthesized to create a framework of grammatical features. We outline the…
Descriptors: Test Items, Grammar, Developmental Stages, Computer Assisted Testing
Cognitive Diagnostic Assessment of L2 Reading Comprehension Ability: Validity Arguments for Fusion Model Application to "Languedge" Assessment
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Jang, Eunice Eunhee – Language Testing, 2009
With recent statistical advances in cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA), the CDA approach has been increasingly applied to non-diagnostic tests partly to meet accountability demands for student achievement. The study aimed to evaluate critically the validity of the CDA application to an existing non-diagnostic L2 reading comprehension test and…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Reading Comprehension, Test Items, Validity