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Direct linkJoakim Wallmark; James O. Ramsay; Juan Li; Marie Wiberg – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2024
Item response theory (IRT) models the relationship between the possible scores on a test item against a test taker's attainment of the latent trait that the item is intended to measure. In this study, we compare two models for tests with polytomously scored items: the optimal scoring (OS) model, a nonparametric IRT model based on the principles of…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Items, Models, Scoring
Raykov, Tenko – Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives, 2023
This software review discusses the capabilities of Stata to conduct item response theory modeling. The commands needed for fitting the popular one-, two-, and three-parameter logistic models are initially discussed. The procedure for testing the discrimination parameter equality in the one-parameter model is then outlined. The commands for fitting…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Models, Comparative Analysis, Item Analysis
Baldwin, Peter; Clauser, Brian E. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2022
While score comparability across test forms typically relies on common (or randomly equivalent) examinees or items, innovations in item formats, test delivery, and efforts to extend the range of score interpretation may require a special data collection before examinees or items can be used in this way--or may be incompatible with common examinee…
Descriptors: Scoring, Testing, Test Items, Test Format
Harrison, Scott; Kroehne, Ulf; Goldhammer, Frank; Lüdtke, Oliver; Robitzsch, Alexander – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2023
Background: Mode effects, the variations in item and scale properties attributed to the mode of test administration (paper vs. computer), have stimulated research around test equivalence and trend estimation in PISA. The PISA assessment framework provides the backbone to the interpretation of the results of the PISA test scores. However, an…
Descriptors: Scoring, Test Items, Difficulty Level, Foreign Countries
Jordan M. Wheeler; Allan S. Cohen; Shiyu Wang – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2024
Topic models are mathematical and statistical models used to analyze textual data. The objective of topic models is to gain information about the latent semantic space of a set of related textual data. The semantic space of a set of textual data contains the relationship between documents and words and how they are used. Topic models are becoming…
Descriptors: Semantics, Educational Assessment, Evaluators, Reliability
Download full textDongmei Li; Shalini Kapoor; Ann Arthur; Chi-Yu Huang; YoungWoo Cho; Chen Qiu; Hongling Wang – ACT Education Corp., 2025
Starting in April 2025, ACT will introduce enhanced forms of the ACT® test for national online testing, with a full rollout to all paper and online test takers in national, state and district, and international test administrations by Spring 2026. ACT introduced major updates by changing the test lengths and testing times, providing more time per…
Descriptors: College Entrance Examinations, Testing, Change, Scoring
Kim, Stella Yun; Lee, Won-Chan – Applied Measurement in Education, 2023
This study evaluates various scoring methods including number-correct scoring, IRT theta scoring, and hybrid scoring in terms of scale-score stability over time. A simulation study was conducted to examine the relative performance of five scoring methods in terms of preserving the first two moments of scale scores for a population in a chain of…
Descriptors: Scoring, Comparative Analysis, Item Response Theory, Simulation
Puhan, Gautam; Kim, Sooyeon – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2022
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, at-home testing has become a popular delivery mode in many testing programs. When programs offer at-home testing to expand their service, the score comparability between test takers testing remotely and those testing in a test center is critical. This article summarizes statistical procedures that could be…
Descriptors: Scores, Scoring, Comparative Analysis, Testing
New Meridian Corporation, 2020
New Meridian Corporation has developed the "Quality Testing Standards and Criteria for Comparability Claims" (QTS). The goal of the QTS is to provide guidance to states that are interested in including content from the New Meridian item bank and intend to make comparability claims with "other assessments" that include New…
Descriptors: Testing, Standards, Comparative Analysis, Guidelines
Farshad Effatpanah; Purya Baghaei; Mona Tabatabaee-Yazdi; Esmat Babaii – Language Testing, 2025
This study aimed to propose a new method for scoring C-Tests as measures of general language proficiency. In this approach, the unit of analysis is sentences rather than gaps or passages. That is, the gaps correctly reformulated in each sentence were aggregated as sentence score, and then each sentence was entered into the analysis as a polytomous…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Language Tests, Test Items, Test Construction
Zhang, Mengxue; Heffernan, Neil; Lan, Andrew – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2023
Automated scoring of student responses to open-ended questions, including short-answer questions, has great potential to scale to a large number of responses. Recent approaches for automated scoring rely on supervised learning, i.e., training classifiers or fine-tuning language models on a small number of responses with human-provided score…
Descriptors: Scoring, Computer Assisted Testing, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Tests
Zwick, Rebecca; Ye, Lei; Isham, Steven – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2018
In typical differential item functioning (DIF) assessments, an item's DIF status is not influenced by its status in previous test administrations. An item that has shown DIF at multiple administrations may be treated the same way as an item that has shown DIF in only the most recent administration. Therefore, much useful information about the…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Testing, Test Items, Bayesian Statistics
Foster, Colin – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2022
Confidence assessment (CA) involves students stating alongside each of their answers a confidence rating (e.g. 0 low to 10 high) to express how certain they are that their answer is correct. Each student's score is calculated as the sum of the confidence ratings on the items that they answered correctly, minus the sum of the confidence ratings on…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, Mathematics Education, Secondary School Students, Meta Analysis
Neitzel, Jennifer; Early, Diane; Sideris, John; LaForrett, Doré; Abel, Michael B.; Soli, Margaret; Davidson, Dawn L.; Haboush-Deloye, Amanda; Hestenes, Linda L.; Jenson, Denise; Johnson, Cindy; Kalas, Jennifer; Mamrak, Angela; Masterson, Marie L.; Mims, Sharon U.; Oya, Patti; Philson, Bobbi; Showalter, Megan; Warner-Richter, Mallory; Kortright Wood, Jill – Journal of Early Childhood Research, 2019
The Early Childhood Environment Rating Scales, including the "Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale--Revised" (Harms et al., 2005) and the "Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale, Third Edition" (Harms et al., 2015) are the most widely used observational assessments in early childhood learning environments. The most recent…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Early Childhood Education, Educational Quality, Scoring
New Meridian Corporation, 2020
New Meridian Corporation has developed the "Quality Testing Standards and Criteria for Comparability Claims" (QTS). The goal of the QTS is to provide guidance to states that are interested in including content from the New Meridian item bank and intend to make comparability claims with "other assessments" that include New…
Descriptors: Testing, Standards, Comparative Analysis, Guidelines
