The distribution theory underlying corrections for guessing is analyzed, and the probability distributions of the random variables are derived. The correction in grade, based on random guessing of unknown answers, is compared with corrections based on educated guessing. (Author/MH)

Investigates the developmental, gender, and practical considerations surrounding three categories of Curriculum Based Management written language scoring indices. With only one exception, older students outperformed younger students on all of the scoring indices. Although at the middle school level students' levels of writing fluency and writing…

The study evaluated speed as a factor in Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised performance with 66 high scoring and 36 average scoring children (ages 3-15 years). Results cast doubt on the utility of speed bonuses in tests of general intelligence with gifted children. (Author/DB)

Responses to a 50-item, 4-choice test were simulated for 1,000 examinees under conventional formula-scoring instructions. Based on 192 simulation runs, formula scores and expected formula scores were determined for each examinee allowing and not allowing for inappropriate omissions. (TJH)

Four equating methods (3PL true score equating, 3PL observed score equating, beta 4 true score equating, and beta 4 observed score equating) were compared using four equating criteria: first-order equity (FOE), second-order equity (SOE), conditional-mean-squared-error (CMSE) difference, and the equi-percentile equating property. True score…

This study assessed the invariance in the factor structure of the "Test of English as a Foreign Language"™ Internet-based test (TOEFL® iBT) across subgroups of test takers who differed in native language and exposure to the English language. The subgroups were defined by (a) Indo-European and Non-Indo-European language family, (b)…

In this study a Q sort was developed to measure pupil self-image of science achievement in high school. The Q sort was described so that similar tests could be constructed to measure affective behavior for most classroom environments. (Editor/RK)

Intended to familiarize persons with the scoring standards and criteria used for the Georgia Basic Skills Writing Test, this scoring manual is in eight sections: (1) an introduction to the scoring dimensions and scale points; (2) definitions of the four scale points; (3) definitions of scoring dimensions and components (content and organization,…

The present paper emphasizes the importance of making interpretations regarding differences among an individual's scores on a test battery based on this same concern for the appropriateness of the reference group. (Author)

The relationship between true ability (operationally defined as the number of items for which the examinee actually knew the correct answer) and the effects of guessing upon observed test variance was investigated. Three basic hypotheses were treated mathematically: there is no functional relationship between true ability and guessing success;…

Readability formulas are designed to provide quantitative estimates of the relative difficulty of pieces of writing. This study explored the extent to which an increase in the accuracy of a specific readability formula could be obtained by norming it for a restricted set of reading materials and subjects. (Editor)

Option weighting is an alternative to increasing test length as a means of improving the reliability of a test. The effects on test reliability of option weighting procedures were compared in two empirical studies using four independent sets of items. Biserial weights were found to be superior. (Author/CTM)

The reliabilities yielded by several differential option weighting scoring procedures were compared among themselves as well as against conventional testing. It was found that increases in reliability due to differential option weighting were a function of inter-item correlations. Suggestions for the implementation of differential option weighting…

The author presents a formula for scoring true-false and multiple-choice questions which produces a score directly related to the number of incorrect alternatives the student is able to eliminate on each question.