A formula for converting raw test scores to refined, more meaningful scores is presented. Formula scores are easily computed. (SD)

Data from five separate samples were weighted using the vertical percent method (England) and the rare response method (Telenson, Alexander, and Barrett) to investigate their relative effectiveness for scoring biographical information blanks. Vertical percent scoring yielded significant validity coefficients for all samples, while rare response…

This pilot study compared two empirically-derived, option-weighting methods and the resultant effect on the reliability and validity of multiple choice test scores as compared with conventional rights-only scoring. (MM)

A model is presented for test construction and scoring that utilizes the knapsack model of mathematical programing. The method applies to examinations of the type in which a choice exists in the number of questions the examinee is required to answer. The method has been utilized with respect to a mathematics examination, and computer-generated…

Results indicate that extremeness response sets at the two ends of the continuum differentially contribute to scale validity. (MS)

Setting a cutting score is a key problem in criterion-referenced measurement which is discussed within a decision theoretic approach when just one student is considered. A minimum information solution is given and compared with approaches when there is information about a group of students. Formulas illustrate the discussion. (CM)

Correction for guessing does not fulfill its intended function when test takers who have nothing to gain from scoring will respond randomly when they could have answered correctly had they tried. Raw scores underestimate abilities. If random guessing is more prevalent in the control group, correction for guessing inflates treatment effects.…

Rajaratnam, Cronbach and Gleser's generalizability formula for stratified-parallel tests and Raju's coefficient beta are generalized to estimate the reliability of a composite of criterion-referenced tests, where the parts have different cutting scores. (Author/GK)

The purpose of this article is to discuss some recent developments in the scoring of multiple-choice items from two angles. The first consists of the recent developments in the test instructions of the conventional scoring procedures, and the second consists of a discussion of new scoring methods and formulas. (Author)

Inter-rater reliability of the Goodenough-Harris and McCarthy Draw-A-Child scoring systems was examined for a sample of 60 children, including 20 school-labeled learning disabled, 20 mentally retarded, and 20 normal children between the ages of six and eight-and-one-half years. (Author)

Describes a new system for scoring informal reading inventories that helps eliminate problems inherent in other scoring systems. (DD)

Findings support Koppitz's assertion that the total error score for the Bender Gestalt Test is stable and reliable. Working time is a relatively stable dimension of Bender performance, which may be of value in assessment activities. Perseveration and integration should not be used in differential diagnosis. (Author)

Technical problems in achievement testing associated with using latent structure models to estimate the probability of guessing correct responses by examinees is studied; also the lack of problems associated with using Wilcox's formula score. Maximum likelihood estimates are derived which may be applied when items are hierarchically related.…

The article reviews current estimation techniques and their resultant effects on the learning disability classroom's composition. An alternate estimation methodology, using z-score conversions, is presented. (Author/SBH)

Examined two scoring systems for Modified Version of the Bender-Gestalt Test. Administered Bender-Gestalt and Otis-Lennon School Ability Test to 75 first-grade and 84 second-grade students. Both systems were significantly correlated with school ability. Results of tests for differences between correlations indicated that Qualitative Scoring System…