Originating in adult education, the approach of task-based language teaching (TBLT) has been promoted in young language learner (YLL) education. However, its application often encounters challenges due to varying interpretations of what constitutes a "task." Previous research has repeatedly highlighted gaps in teachers' understanding of…

This study investigated 11 Taiwanese elementary school English teachers' designs and implementations of design thinking lessons. The analysis of qualitative data (lesson plans, observations, interviews) and quantitative data (questionnaire) reached the following major findings. Firstly, English teachers considered their design thinking instruction…

The main goal of this paper is to suggest a combination of data analyses -- notably generalized additive models, time-series clustering methodology, visual methods for significance testing and qualitative analyses -- that relate to Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST). To this end, we report on findings from a larger project conducted in a…

In response to the problems experienced during the practice of the current ELT curriculum and the requirement for an authentic language learning environment, a unique English language teaching curriculum was designed for young learners in the present study. The curriculum was rooted in Krashen's Natural Approach and adopted an eclectic curriculum…

Although Chinese has become one of the most influential second/foreign languages in the world, teaching Chinese as a foreign/second language (CSL/CFL) abroad faces great challenges. M-learning and mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) display great advantages to facilitate second language learning, including CSL/CFL. However, most research was…

Reconsideration of culture pedagogy, in terms of what culture refers to and whose culture dominates English language teaching is a prevalent issue in language teaching. Therefore, in this study, we conducted one-on-one interviews with 17 in-service teachers of English language at three private K-12 schools in a northwestern city of Turkey to…

Mathematical modeling involves using mathematics to represent, analyze, and make predictions or decisions about real- world situations. Garfunkel and Montgomery (2016) elaborate on six components of the mathematical modeling process, including identifying the problem, making assumptions and identifying variables, doing the math, analyzing and…

This study seeks to understand opportunities for teaching and learning the target culture for intercultural awareness. Utilizing Moran's "Knowing Framework" (2001) and its five cultural dimensions, and reviewing curriculum documents and the English textbook in use for Grade Six in Kosovo, the study finds a misalignment among curriculum…

Practice-based teacher education (PBTE), an approach to teacher education that privileges authentic experiences and is centered around the acquisition of a set of core practices, has seen an increase in popularity in recent years. The goal of PBTE is to cultivate preservice teachers (PSTs) who are 'advanced beginners' in a variety of pedagogical…

From the importance of English in world of internationally communicated, the problems of learning management in each area seems to be differenced, language and culture are needed for recognizing, active learning is called for effectiveness instruction, and primary English teachers need to prepared in modern classroom. This research employed…

Across the United States, there are many elementary aged students whose parents or themselves are from Mexico, Guatemala, and Central America having Mayan heritage. In alignment with instructional concepts that build a positive classroom culture encouraging higher level learning for all students, the authors designed and implemented a curriculum…

This research is about investigating authentic learning experiences for elementary-age English learners' (ELs) engagement and attitudes toward learning. Oftentimes, EL instruction is siloed in its approach and is interdependent on what students are learning in the classroom. Moreover, due to potential limitations in language acquisition skills…

This study explored young Chinese learners' beliefs about English as an international language through project-based language learning in a Chinese rural school. Three English teachers and 102 Grade 6 Chinese EFL learners participated in two separate phases. Phase 1 explored how teachers implemented the project-based language learning via…

Pre-service teachers are mostly trained with traditional methods in their institutions and as a result, they do not become competent in technology integration in education. To successfully integrate technology in education, it is necessary for teachers to have knowledge of the content and the pedagogical techniques to teach this content with…

This qualitative study documents the experiences of 38 Grade 5 students and their six female teachers from four state-maintained schools in Kazakhstan teaching/learning English during emergency remote teaching and learning (ERT&L). It was guided by Kearney et al.'s (2012) framework that provides three dimensions that influence individuals'…