Describes and gives example of use of national radio broadcast to administer English as a second language test in Israel. Purpose of program is to test listening as distinct from speaking. Results have been encouraging. (BK)

Proposes an error gravity/distribution factor to give a mathematically consistent evaluation method to error analysis. Such an approach assumes that "seriousness" of error is related to frequency of output and not to notions of degree of communicative difficulty. Distribution of error type is also taken into account. (PJM)

Approaches language teaching and learning with the idea that: (1) before they start learning all human beings are equipped with a great deal of implicit understanding of any new language, and (2) learning of a new language must be ultimately bound up with the process of operating in a new culture. (PJM)

Because of the complexities of language, it is very difficult to get students to continue learning after formal instruction is over. Three things are needed: (1) methodological preparation, where the student learns how to continue learning; (2) psychological preparation, where students become confident in controlling their learning, and (3)…

Suggests that while slavish, excessive memorization is a habit that hinders the development of critical skills while stifling originality and precision, in certain cases the best approach is to accept the memorization habit partially, in order to exploit it for its own eventual elimination. Capitalizing on students' intellectual curiosity…