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Rethinking First Language-Second Language Similarities and Differences in English Proficiency: Insights from the ENglish Reading Online (ENRO) Project
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Noam Siegelman; Irina Elgort; Marc Brysbaert; Niket Agrawal; Simona Amenta; Jasmina Arsenijevic Mijalkovic; Christine S. Chang; Daria Chernova; Fabienne Chetail; A. J. Benjamin Clarke; Alain Content; Davide Crepaldi; Nastag Davaabold; Shurentsetseg Delgersuren; Avital Deutsch; Veronika Dibrova; Denis Drieghe; Dušica Filipovic Ðurdevic; Brittany Finch; Ram Frost; Carolina A. Gattei; Esther Geva; Aline Godfroid; Lindsay Griener; Esteban Hernández-Rivera; Anastasia Ivanenko; Juhani Järvikivi; Lea Kawaletz; Anurag Khare; Jun Ren Lee; Charlotte E. Lee; Christina Manouilidou; Marco Marelli; Timur Mashanlo; Ksenija Mišic; Koji Miwa; Pauline Palma; Ingo Plag; Zoya Rezanova; Enkhzaya Riimed; Jay Rueckl; Sascha Schroeder; Irina A. Sekerina; Diego E. Shalom; Natalia Slioussar; Neža Marija Slosar; Vanessa Taler; Kim Thériault; Debra Titone; Odonchimeg Tumee; Ross van de Wetering; Ark Verma; Anna Fiona Weiss; Denise Hsien Wu; Victor Kuperman – Language Learning, 2024
This article presents the ENglish Reading Online (ENRO) project that offers data on English reading and listening comprehension from 7,338 university-level advanced learners and native speakers of English representing 19 countries. The database also includes estimates of reading rate and seven component skills of English, including vocabulary,…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Native Language
The Long-Term Proficiency of Early, Middle, and Late Starters Learning English as a Foreign Language at School: A Narrative Review and Empirical Study
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Baumert, Jürgen; Fleckenstein, Johanna; Leucht, Michael; Köller, Olaf; Möller, Jens – Language Learning, 2020
Throughout Europe, there is a growing trend for students to start learning foreign languages at elementary school. Although policymakers expect early-start programs to boost second language skills, empirical findings are mixed; recent studies have raised many questions. In this large-scale study, we aimed to close some of these gaps. We examined…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Receptive Language, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
From Early Starters to Late Finishers? A Longitudinal Study of Early Foreign Language Learning in School
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Jaekel, Nils; Schurig, Michael; Florian, Merle; Ritter, Markus – Language Learning, 2017
Foreign language education has now been implemented at the elementary school level across Europe, and early foreign language education has gained traction following language policies set by the European Commission. The long-term effects of an early start, however, have not received ample scientific scrutiny. The present study assessed early…
Descriptors: Second Language Instruction, Grade 5, Grade 7, Foreign Countries
L2 Learners' Assessments of Accentedness, Fluency, and Comprehensibility of Native and Nonnative German Speech
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O'Brien, Mary Grantham – Language Learning, 2014
In early stages of classroom language learning, many adult second language (L2) learners communicate primarily with one another, yet we know little about which speech stream characteristics learners tune into or the extent to which they understand this lingua franca communication. In the current study, 25 native English speakers learning German as…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, German, English
L2 Reading Comprehension and Its Correlates: A Meta-Analysis
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Jeon, Eun Hee; Yamashita, Junko – Language Learning, 2014
The present meta-analysis examined the overall average correlation (weighted for sample size and corrected for measurement error) between passage-level second language (L2) reading comprehension and 10 key reading component variables investigated in the research domain. Four high-evidence correlates (with 18 or more accumulated effect sizes: L2…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Meta Analysis
Learner Variables in Second Language Listening Comprehension: An Exploratory Path Analysis
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Vandergrift, Larry; Baker, Susan – Language Learning, 2015
Listening comprehension plays a key role in language acquisition, yet little is known about the variables that contribute to the development of second language (L2) listening ability. This study sought to obtain empirical evidence for the impact of some of the learner variables and the degree to which they might predict success in L2 listening.…
Descriptors: Listening Comprehension, Second Language Learning, Short Term Memory, Language Research
Teaching L2 Learners How to Listen Does Make a Difference: An Empirical Study
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Vandergrift, Larry; Tafaghodtari, Marzieh H. – Language Learning, 2010
This study investigated the effects of a metacognitive, process-based approach to teaching second language (L2) listening over a semester. Participants (N = 106) came from six intact sections of French as a second language (FSL) courses. The experimental group (n = 59) listened to texts using a methodology that led learners through the…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Control Groups, Second Language Learning, Metacognition
Exact Repetition as Input Enhancement in Second Language Acquisition.
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Jensen, Eva Dam; Vinther, Thora – Language Learning, 2003
Reports on two studies on input enhancement used to support learners' selection of focus of attention in Spanish second language listening material. Input consisted of video recordings of dialogues between native speakers. Exact repetition and speech rate reduction were examined for effect on comprehension, acquisition of decoding strategies, and…
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Linguistic Input, Listening Comprehension, Second Language Instruction
Pragmatic Comprehension in Learner-Native Speaker Discourse.
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Kasper, Gabriele – Language Learning, 1984
Reports on a study of language learners' comprehension of speech acts and discourse functions, referred to as pragmatic comprehension. Analyzes two types of learners' pragmatic misunderstandings: their failure to distinguish between phatic talk and referential talk, and their failure to identify the intended illocutionary force of indirect speech…
Descriptors: Communicative Competence (Languages), Discourse Analysis, Listening Comprehension, Native Speakers
Resource Consumption as a Function of Topic Knowledge in Nonnative and Native Comprehension.
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Tyler, Michael D. – Language Learning, 2001
Native and experienced nonnatives listened to a text while performing a concurrent task. Half of each group was given the topic of the passage. Scores on the concurrent task were compared with baseline to index working memory (WM) consumption. Results showed greater WM consumption for nonnatives than natives when the topic was unavailable,…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Listening Comprehension, Memory
Foreign Accent, Comprehensibility, and Intelligibility in the Speech of Second Language Learners.
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Munro, Murray J.; Derwing, Tracey M. – Language Learning, 1995
Examines the interrelationships among accentedness, perceived comprehensibility, and intelligibility in the speech of second-language (L2) learners. The findings suggest that although strength of foreign accent is correlated with perceived comprehensibility and intelligibility, a strong foreign accent does not necessarily reduce the…
Descriptors: Audiotape Recordings, Comparative Analysis, Data Collection, Dialects
Effects of Story Reading on Language.
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Vivas, Eleonora – Language Learning, 1996
Reports on an experimental investigation of the effects of a systematic, story-reading-aloud program on some language variables in preschool and first-grade children. Results indicate that both age groups significantly increased their language comprehension and expressions when listening to stories read aloud, either at home or at school. (25…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Elementary School Students, English (Second Language), Experimental Groups