Selected studies in three areas of second-language classroom process research are reviewed: the linguistic environment of instruction, patterns of participation, and error treatment. Also reviewed are recent applications of introspective or mentalistic research to the problem of describing the second-language classroom experience. (MSE)

In conversations in social settings, few nonnative speaker errors were corrected by native speakers. Discourse and vocabulary errors were corrected more frequently than errors in syntax and omission, suggesting that treatment of vocabulary in the classroom be reexamined and serious consideration be given to teaching properties of English…

Synthesizes findings from observational classroom research on corrective feedback and presents an observational study of patterns of error treatment n an adult English-as-a-Second-Language classroom. Examines the range and types of feedback used by the teacher and their relationship to learner uptake and immediate repair of error. (Author/VWL)