In computer-assisted language learning (CALL), a variety of studies have explored the use of Virtual Exchange (VE) for shaping learners' cultural competence from the perspective of sociolinguistics. However, few studies have examined learners' psycholinguistic factors in this context. Since based on the dynamic complex system, students'…

This text critically examines traditional methodologies for teaching grammar in the context of Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL). It proposes an alternative, eclectic approach, which can be used in any foreign language. Drawing on evidence from research and pedagogical practices, it highlights areas for improvement in current approaches, such…

Flipped classrooms have recently emerged as a very innovative approach in teaching and learning English as a Second Language, more specifically by the ESL teacher candidates in higher education institutions. The present study investigated the perceived benefits and challenges of flipped learning in the context of ESL teacher candidates. The…

This qualitative study investigated the perceptions of prospective teachers on critical thinking (CT) skills before and after completing the Functional English (FE) course at the Bachelor of Education Honors (B.Ed. Hons) and Associate Degree in Education (ADE). A purposive sampling technique was employed to select 40 participants, with eight…

Although learner interactions in forums are well-documented, research on instructor engagement strategies in MOOC forums and their impact on forum dynamics is limited. This study offers a distinctive approach by categorizing instructor strategies into four types: communicative, integrative, task-oriented, and non-interventionist. Six prominent…

The integration of technology in education has revolutionized the way students learn, offering unprecedented opportunities for fostering self-directed learning (SDL). This study explores the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) that blends technological tools with local wisdom-based educational practices to enhance self-directed…

Project work is used in several educational settings, including foreign and second language teaching contexts. In the Moroccan English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom, the Moroccan Ministry of Education recommended implementing project work, and it is a common component of the Moroccan textbooks of English. Yet, there is a scarcity of…

In the updated version of the "Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment -- Companion Volume" (Council of Europe 2020), the Action-Oriented Approach is highlighted as the most viable approach for learning languages. The present study explored students' reflections on the collaborative project…

This research addresses the role of the constructivist approach in teaching Arabic at the al-Falah Islamic boarding school, Banjarbaru. This research used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participatory observation as data collection methods. The results showed that the constructivist approach to learning Arabic at Pesantren…

Technology and digitalization have significantly transformed the educational landscape, playing a crucial role in the teaching and learning. This study investigates the flipped digital classroom learning approach as an innovative method to enhance learners' writing skills. The research objectives are to: (i) evaluate the effectiveness of…

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions worldwide adapted their teaching and learning techniques for various courses, including English. One of the adaptations includes a well-known model called Flipped Classroom (FC). FC often mixes two stages: pre-class that is online, and in-class that is face-to-face. Though the…

Since the teaching-learning process must go online, it is assumed that conducting a flipped classroom could promote students' active learning. Thus, this classroom-based research attempts to investigate the implementation of the flipped model in an online speaking class. It examines students' learning outcomes on speaking skills after studying in…

Flipped learning is a pedagogical approach, which suggests the allocation of class time for knowledge application activities and the learning of basic knowledge via lecture videos or assigned readings outside of class. Based on these premises, it may emerge as a strategic fit for practice-based courses in initial teacher education programmes. With…

Project-based Learning (Project-BL) has become increasingly popular in mainstream education with various models dedicated to the approach, however, there is a need for a Project-BL framework specifically designed for the second language learning context. The model offered here, called the "10Cs of Project-based Learning TESOL…

This paper shows how Task-Based Learning (TBL) is used to equip second-year Spanish students at Cardiff University for their placements during their year abroad. We present a set of task-based projects embedded within the curriculum to enhance both (1) the competences students have to acquire throughout their degree, and (2) the skills to overcome…