Sign languages present particular challenges to language assessors in relation to variation in signs, weakly defined citation forms, and a general lack of standard-setting work even in long-established measures of productive sign proficiency. The present article addresses and explores these issues via a mixed-methods study of a human-rated…

This paper considers how to establish the minimum required level of professionally relevant oral communication ability in the medium of English for health practitioners with English as an additional language (EAL) to gain admission to practice in jurisdictions where English is the dominant language. A theoretical concern is the construct of…

This article describes an alternative approach to setting standards for performance assessments. The procedure was designed for use in low-budget, relatively low-stakes contexts where it is not possible to bring expert judges together. The procedure that allowed participant judges to work individually throughout the process was an effort to…