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Direct linkPeiyu Wang; Liying Cheng – Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 2025
This study employed a multi-methods design to investigate the impact of preparation on Chinese test-takers' perceptions of the integrated TOEFL iBT speaking and writing design. Combining results from over 1700 surveys and 10 interviews, it was found that these Chinese test-takers, who are the most vulnerable group in the multimillion testing…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Tests
Zare, Mohammad; Bagheri, Mohammad Sadegh; Sadighi, Firooz; Rassaei, Ehsan – Cogent Education, 2021
The current study focused mainly on the role of the linguistic complexity of IELTS writing Task 2. In other words, it investigated the differential effects of two interrelated linguistic complexities of writing Task 2 on the three levels of discourse representation and what IELTS candidates perceived through analyzing IELTS writing topics both at…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Language Tests, Writing Tests
Download full textAsaad, Hani Qasem Mohammed; Shabdin, Ahmad Affendi – Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2021
Studies have found that morphology awareness could assist writers to increase productive vocabulary (e.g. Green et al., 2003; McCutchen & Stull, 2015), reduce vocabulary errors (e.g. Karakas, 2012; Ririn, 2010), and produce complex sentence structures using various forms of words. Postgraduate students as second language users of English (L2)…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
Olympia Tsaknaki – European Journal of Education (EJED), 2022
Grammatical and lexical cohesion are necessary conditions to guarantee a text's coherence (Halliday and Hasan 1976). Grammatical cohesion is classified into four types of relation: reference, conjunction, substitution, and ellipsis. This study aims to investigate the use of the cohesive device of reference in written discourse produced by…
Descriptors: French, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Computational Linguistics
Marashi, Syed Mojtaba – Online Submission, 2020
The notion of "textuality" encouraged Halliday and Hasan in 1976 to present their model of discourse analysis through raising questions about whether "cohesion" was a semantic concept or a structural relation, whether a text was a structural unit or not or even if there were semantic or structural relationships within a text.…
Descriptors: Connected Discourse, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Tests
Ghorbanchian, Elahe; Youhanaee, Manijeh; Amirian, Zahra – English Language Teaching, 2019
Cognitive complexity is traditionally used for describing human cognition along a simplicity-complexity axis in tests like TOFEL IBT and GRE where text creation and rhetorical organization are quintessentially important. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the impact of mentor text modelling on cognitive complexity of academic writing…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Foreign Countries
Koizumi, Rie; In'nami, Yo; Asano, Keiko; Agawa, Toshie – Language Testing in Asia, 2016
Background: While numerous articles on Criterion® have been published and its validity evidence has accumulated, test users need to obtain relevant validity evidence for their local context and develop their own validity argument. This paper aims to provide validity evidence for the interpretation and use of Criterion® for assessing second…
Descriptors: Writing Evaluation, College Students, Correlation, Second Language Learning
Shahsavar, Zahra – Cogent Education, 2019
This study aims to clearly diagnose EFL "students' writing strengths and weaknesses." I adapted a diagnostic framework which comprises multiple writing components associated with three main dimensions of second language writing. The essays of 304 English learners who enrolled in an English language program were double-rated by 13…
Descriptors: Writing Skills, Writing Evaluation, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Liaghat, Farahnaz; Biria, Reza – International Journal of Instruction, 2018
This study aimed at exploring the impact of mentor text modelling on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' accuracy and fluency in writing tasks with different cognitive complexity in comparison with two conventional approaches to teaching writing; namely, process-based and product-based approaches. To this end, 60 Iranian EFL…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Comparative Analysis, Teaching Methods, Writing Instruction
PDF pending restorationTerry, Robert M., Ed. – 1991
Selected papers from the conference address four priorities in second language teaching: teacher education; instruction; curriculum; and testing. Papers include: "Listening Processes and Authentic Texts" (Donna Reseigh Long); "Directory of Foreign Language Teacher Preparation Programs in the United States: A Preliminary Report"…
Descriptors: Careers, Class Activities, Classroom Techniques, Curriculum Design
