This paper compares published writing produced by British and Sudanese medical researchers. Twenty research articles were examined, 10 by British and 10 by Sudanese writers. All had been published in highly regarded international journals. As expected, all 20 articles conformed to editorial requirements and followed the conventional IMRD structure…

Discusses using redundancy in language as a means of facilitating second-language learning. (EKN)

Relates characteristics of the Portuguese language to cultural traits of the Portuguese people, focusing on Portuguese history, art, and outlook. (MSE)

Examines several aspects of functional load in English that may be relevant for assessing the relative importance of segmental features of learners' speech. Implications for the use of functional load in pronunciation drill books are discussed. (Author/CB)

Advocates a macroscopic view in examining the habitual linguistic differences between English and Chinese in their organization of thought in prosaic sentences and discourse. Awareness of these differences would be helpful in translating from English into Chinese and vice versa and Chinese language teaching. (Contains four references.) (JP)

This article is divided into two parts. Part 1 focuses on the events that took place in teaching the class as a whole. Part 2 presents a case study of five learners who, because they had serious problems, both attitudinal and other problems, received special attention and additional support. The study had two main aims. The first was to respond to…

Nearly all Russian verbs with shifting past tense stress without "-sja" will develop a pattern of stress with "-sja" that has either fixed end stress in all four past tense forms or has shifting stress. (Author/LMO)

Analyzes two descriptions of Nigerian English and discusses their implications for ESL teachers in Nigeria. (EKN)

Discusses the benefits of short answers and how they differ in German and English. Provides hints on how to teach students to produce reduced answers that are grammatically acceptable in spoken German. (EKN)

Asked second language learners to name household objects in English and in their native language, to judge objects' typicality with respect to English names, and to provide naming strategy reports. Least experienced learners' naming and typicality judgments diverged substantially from native responses. More experienced learners improved, but even…

In a corpus of the most frequent French words, phonetic rules relating the end of a noun to gender are simplified, and morphological rules governing the gender of suffixed nouns are illustrated. The stratified presentation is offered to teachers for classroom use. (Author/MSE)

The Lexical Approach (LA) is founded on the belief that, in order to achieve a high level of accuracy "with fluency," learners of a foreign language need to commit to memory vast numbers of multi-word expressions. However, since it is far from clear that the methodology currently associated with the LA holds out well-founded hope that phrase…

Implications of the "new grammar" approach to teaching French are examined, including the issues of nomenclature, definition, rules and generalizations, and native language use in the second language class. Grammar itself has not changed, and the principal concern is still good usage. (MSE)

The use of "a,""de," or nothing preceding complement infinitives in French is addressed from the perspective of the deeper grammatical relations involved, and possible instructional strategies are suggested. Examples and comparisons are made in English. Unlike the traditional approach, it is assumed that a preposition is…

Discusses teaching students to be sensitive to the nuances of word choice, intonation patterns, slang, and grammatical deviations in a second language. Suggests some classroom techniques to develop this awareness. (EKN)