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Do L1 Reading Achievement and L1 Print Exposure Contribute to the Prediction of L2 Proficiency?
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Sparks, Richard L.; Patton, Jon; Ganschow, Leonore; Humbach, Nancy – Language Learning, 2012
The study examined whether individual differences in high school first language (L1) reading achievement and print exposure would account for unique variance in second language (L2) written (word decoding, spelling, writing, reading comprehension) and oral (listening/speaking) proficiency after adjusting for the effects of early L1 literacy and…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Speech Communication, Spelling
Subcomponents of Second-Language Aptitude and Second-Language Proficiency
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Sparks, Richard L.; Humbach, Nancy; Patton, Jon; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 2011
A factor analysis of a test battery that included early first-language (L1) achievement, L1 cognitive ability, second-language (L2) aptitude, and L2 affective measures to predict oral and written L2 proficiency was conducted. The analysis yielded 4 factors that were labeled Language Analysis, composed of L1 and L2 language comprehension, grammar,…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Phonology, Paired Associate Learning, Affective Measures
Foreign Language Learning Differences: Affective or Native Language Aptitude Differences?
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Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1991
The Linguistic Coding Deficit Hypothesis offers an alternative to affective explanations for second-language learning difficulties and adds another dimension to the role of aptitude. The hypothesis focuses on phonological, syntactic, and semantic components of language and assumes that the individual's control over these components is crucial to…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Individual Differences, Language Acquisition, Language Aptitude
A Strong Inference Approach to Causal Factors in Foreign Language Learning: A Response to MacIntyre.
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Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This article responds to MacIntyre's (1995) critique of the Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), which posits that language aptitude is the primary source of individual differences in foreign language (FL) achievement. It defends the LCDH and suggests that difficulties exist with theories that attribute affective and social context…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anxiety, Criticism, Individual Differences
Aptitude for Learning a Foreign Language.
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Sparks, Richard; Ganschow, Leonore – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 2001
Review research on foreign language aptitude and its measurement prior to 1990. Describes research areas in the 1990s, including affective variables, language learning strategies, learning styles as contributors to aptitude and aptitude as a cognitive construct affected by language variables. Reviews research on individual differences and the…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Style, Individual Differences, Language Aptitude
The Impact of Native Language Learning Problems on Foreign Language Learning: Illustrations of the Linguistic Coding Deficit Hypothesis.
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Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1993
A discussion of the Linguistic Coding Deficit Hypothesis presents an overview of the theory; describes five prototypes of second-language learners, each illustrated by a distinct language processing profile; and examines how the ability to identify prototypes can help teachers interpret student difficulties and design instruction to address them.…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Classification, Cognitive Style, Comparative Analysis