An extensive number of studies have examined the effectiveness of incidental focus on form (FonF) measured through uptake in primarily communicative activities and established an association between learners' uptake of linguistic features and their subsequent second language development. In this strand of research, the analysis of linguistic forms…

Previous studies on lexical focus on form (FonF) have mostly centred on FonF in reading with a few pre-selected lexical items. This study investigated the contribution of oral incidental FonF to developing learners' lexical knowledge in a free discussion EFL class. Incidental FonF was provided to 15 upper-intermediate learners who participated in…

This study investigated incidental focus-on-form in a free discussion English as a foreign language (EFL) class with no pre-selected syllabus. Fifteen hours of classroom interactions in an upper-intermediate class with 15 homogeneous adult learners were audio-recorded and analysed. The participants also completed separate uptake sheets for each…