The current study compared five free Text-To-Speech (TTS) systems, selected based on characteristics such as availability and capabilities. Tasks were completed by 37 English learners to evaluate these systems in terms of their comprehensibility, naturalness, and intelligibility. Our findings indicate that IBM Watson and Google Translate are the…

This study tests native Brazilian Portuguese (BP) speakers of second language (L2) Spanish in the domain of phonologically null object pronouns. This is a worthwhile first language (L1)-L2 pairing given that these languages are historically and typologically related and both seemingly allow for object drop. Nevertheless, the underlying syntax of…

Presents a description of the application of the five "Cs" (communication, culture, communities and comparison, and communities) of the Standards for Foreign Language Learning (SFFL), in an advanced Brazilian literature course. Demonstrates the development of reading, writing, comprehension, and speaking skills through the cognitive…