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Rachels, Jason R.; Rockinson-Szapkiw, Amanda J. – Computer Assisted Language Learning, 2018
A quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest, non-equivalent control group design was used to examine the effect of a mobile gamification application on third and fourth grade students' Spanish language achievement and student academic self-efficacy. In this study, the treatment group's Spanish language instruction was through the use of…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Spanish, Telecommunications
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Goldstein, Donna; Alibrandi, Marsha – Journal of Geography, 2013
This case study conducted with 1,425 middle school students in Palm Beach County, Florida, included a treatment group receiving GIS instruction (256) and a control group without GIS instruction (1,169). Quantitative analyses on standardized test scores indicated that inclusion of GIS in middle school curriculum had a significant effect on student…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Standardized Tests, Control Groups