This paper revisits the main thoughts of the Filipino historian and social critic Renato Constantino on the role of education in the formation of a neocolonial and postcolonial consciousness. It suggests that Constantino's critical stance towards education embodies a type of philosophizing about education that centers on the problematization of…

Drawing on Sutton and Levinson's Socio-cultural Approach to policy, this study explores the experiences and collective language beliefs of 25 teachers implementing the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTBMLE) policy in two urban Philippine school districts. Mixed methods were used to understand policy enactment and teacher perspectives.…

This study investigates the impact of Filipina domestic workers (FilDWs), a marginalized group in Hong Kong (HK), on HK children's language development. It focusses on FilDWs' influence on the second language (L2) English of bilingual HK primary school children attending an English Medium of Instruction school. The elements investigated are L2…

This paper is an initial attempt to characterise the schoolscape of a four-century old higher education institution in the Philippines and the oldest existing university in Asia, The Royal, Catholic, and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas (UST). Through a systematic inventory of 2,410 visual signs, the analysis of the functional sign…

This study investigated the connection between translanguaging and reading comprehension of Filipino ESL intermediate learners. The respondents were intermediate pupils enrolled in the selected central schools in Bicol, Philippines. The respondents' ages range from 8 to 12 years old, and 124 students (27.55%) were males while 326 students (72.44%)…

The Philippines has had numerous language policies in education--from Spanish to English to the current mother tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) policy. The MTB-MLE is a controversial language policy that faced many challenges before and during its implementation. Eight years into its implementation, however, the policy has not been…

To address the challenges of teaching and learning among multilingual elementary students, the Philippines, a multilingual country with over 180 languages, implemented the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE). Studies on the use of mother tongue have reported positive results among students who share a common language. However, in…

This study aimed at investigating the effects of teachers' personal and professional demographic characteristics on students' academic performance in English. To achieve this aim, the researcher used a sample of 37 English secondary teachers and 400 students in the District of Plaridel, Schools Division Office of Bulacan during the academic year…

Motivation plays a crucial role in successful language learning, especially among last-mile learners who face distinct barriers due to geographic isolation and limited access to educational resources. This study aims to understand the key factors influencing English language learning motivation among last-mile learners, serving as a foundation for…

The implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) policy in the Philippine basic education has gained traction among educators. Skepticism as to its effectiveness is evident especially in mathematics class where English is the universally recognised medium. This study explored how elementary teachers from a rural…

The study aimed to determine the English proficiency and literary competence of English major students of CBSUA-Sipocot. The third and fourth-year college students were the respondents of the study. The evaluative-correlational method was employed in the research. Frequency count and percentage technique were used to describe levels of proficiency…

Reading Comprehension is the ability to define word by word and create a profound idea from the talks were given or read. It plays a significant role in the total functioning of a community. It is also one of the pillars of reading. This paper aims to assess the Reading Comprehension level of the Senior High School in their Core Science Subjects…

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of language policy in the Philippines, with a particular emphasis on the status, challenges, and future prospects of Chinese language education within the national framework. The study is structured into five distinct sections. Firstly, the historical development of language policies in…

The need to connect with learners is essential to successfully transfer learning. Thus, the medium of instruction plays a very important role. One indicator that would tell us if success is attained in teaching various subject areas is also influenced by the medium of instruction which is employed in the classroom. It is on this premise that the…

This descriptive observational study examined the implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB MLE) language policy to the classroom practices of a grade three multilingual classroom in the Philippines. The constructive alignment of the said language policy implementation was evaluated in terms of: (1) Mother Tongue (MT) as a…