This article discusses the various definitions that have been given to English for Special Purposes (ESP) and concludes that ESP should refer to programs designed for groups of learners who are homogeneous with respect to aims and whose specific learning objectives have been quantified and stated in communicative terms. (Author/CFM)

The limitations of both methods, and their practical applications, are discussed. (RM)

This article discusses Community Language Learning (CLL) and its unique characteristic of employing reflection as a way of learning a foreign language. The use of CLL in teaching oral English to Japanese students in Japan is described. (CFM)

Defines the concept of native speaker insight and suggests that, for the purpose of teaching English as a second language, the goal should not be native speaker insight (NSI) but NS Type 1, a reduced, adequate and attainable goal for foreign learners. (CFM)

If the study of foreign languages cannot be begun at the elementary level, it should be delayed until after adolescence, because adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18 have the greatest difficulty learning languages. At the tertiary level, emphasis should be on the reading skill. (CFM)

This bibliography on psycholinguistics and teaching English as a second or foreign language includes checklists, bibliographies, anthologies, readers, collections, books, monographs, and articles. (CFM)

Discusses the value of classifying the errors adult language learners make and of comparing them to errors made by children. It is suggested that teachers correct student errors in the same way parents correct children's errors in order to encourage successful learning. (CFM)