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Direct linkDobrinka Genevska-Hanke; Cornelia Hamann – Language Learning Journal, 2024
This study investigates the use of overt and null subjects in Bulgarian in child heritage speakers with L2 German. The alternation of overt and null pronominal subjects in null-subject languages like Bulgarian depends on grammatical and discourse conditions and contrasts with German. Oral narratives were elicited in Bulgarian, comparing the…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, German, Bilingualism
Natova, Ivanka – Language Learning Journal, 2021
The purpose of this article is to present qualitative and quantitative tools to assist teachers and authors of examination materials in their preliminary assessment of text complexity/difficulty according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. The qualitative scales were compiled specially for this study, based on previous…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Rating Scales, Guidelines
