The phenomenon of English as a lingua franca (ELF) has become the subject of considerable debate during the past few years. What emerges from much of the discussion, however, is that there seems to be a good deal of uncertainty as to what, precisely, ELF actually is, and how it relates to the much more firmly established field of world Englishes…

Recent work in the field of sociolinguistics is discussed as it relates to problems of national integration in a multilingual society. The implications of such a situation for language teaching programs are also discussed. (RM)

The increase in world interest in bilingual/bicultural education is a result of decline of colonialism and political imperialism; the rise of new national states, minorities, and internationalism; and the democratization of education. Formerly, bilingual education was the privilege of the elite; now it is the expression of a demand for recognition…

The Survey of Second Language Teaching was conducted in 1959-1961 to investigate the nature and extent of the problem of second language learning in developing nations. This document summarizes the survey. It identifies the second language factor in national development, discusses the nature and extent of its problems and surveys the resources…

This profile, in outline form, of the English language teaching situation in the Gambia discusses the role of English within Gambian society and within the educational system. The status of English as the only official language is noted, and its use as medium of instruction at the primary, secondary and teacher-training levels is examined. The…

Reports on an ethnographic study of primary level science classes in Kenya where English is the government-mandated language of instruction. Finds that important ideas were conveyed more easily when teachers did not adhere to the policy of English-only instruction. Concludes that the importance of sociolinguistics in instructional processes should…

Since independence, the government of Botswana has allowed only the use of English in government circles, excluding the other 26 languages represented in the country and allowing only limited use of the national language, Setswana. Since 1995, however, restrictions have been relaxed and non-government organizations are developing the use of other…