With rapid globalization, it is an urgent task for universities in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context to provide practical English education. Particularly, one that enables students to participate in the global society as well as the global business market. The challenge for these universities is to achieve this goal with limited class…

Learning motivation is a critical factor in learners' decision to commit, or not commit, to learning tasks. This study investigates the extent and working components of learning motivation in a fully online English as a foreign-language (EFL) course amid COVID-19, drawing upon data from focus groups and a survey delivered to 183 students in an…

As generative AI tools are increasingly popular in today's teaching and learning process, challenges and opportunities occur at the same time. Self-directed learning has been regarded as a powerful learning ability that supports learners in informal learning contexts and its importance rises in salience when incorporating AI into learning. This…

Motivation plays a pivotal role in students' academic success and overall performance in the learning process. However, the abrupt shift from face-to-face instruction to online learning, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, affected EFL students' motivation. To address this issue, this study aimed to explore the factors that affected students' motivation…

Motivation has been studied in many contexts and is acknowledged as one of the most significant aspects of language instruction. To increase student motivation and engagement, instructional materials, methods, and techniques are crucial to the language learning and teaching process. The current study examined how the creation of digital…

Engagement with online media among learners is closely linked to language proficiency and cultural comprehension, offering a platform for enhancing English language skills. This has given rise to the field of online informal learning of English (OILE), with numerous studies exploring learners' habits in this domain and indicating positive impacts…

This book focuses on the dynamic relationships among individual difference (ID) variables (i.e., willingness to communicate, motivation, language anxiety and boredom) in learning English as a foreign language in the virtual world Second Life. The theoretical part provides an overview of selected issues related to the four ID factors in question…

Motivation is one of the key factors that affect L2 learners' success and performance in the language learning process; that is why, widely concerns teachers and researchers. Amidst a global health crisis that urged most English preparatory schools across Turkey to carry out their English as a Foreign Language (EFL) lessons online, the question of…

Vocabulary mastery is critical to English as Foreign Language students. Mobile technologies enable students to learn vocabulary without space and time limitations. However, existing mobile-assisted vocabulary learning research often employed teacher-directed activities that increased instructors' workload, undermined student motivation or targeted…

In early 2020, with the breakout of COVID-19, almost all the world institutions shifted to online learning and teaching. Besides the shortcomings, new learning and teaching method was introduced globally. 48 Omani participants of this study were the first batch of learners who have experienced online learning and teaching for the first time in…

The main aim of this study is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of distance teaching and promoting Intercultural Competence in learning foreign languages in the Azerbaijani higher education system. Nowadays the growing tendency of remote education proves that, education has become more reachable in comparison to the past decades. At…

In recent decades, the rapid advances in technology have led many researchers to investigate the factors influencing its successful implementation in different fields. The current study, hence, aimed to identify the factors affecting e-learning acceptance and readiness in the context of foreign language learning. By reviewing the related…

This interdisciplinary research examines how Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) and the L2 Motivational Self System (consisting of "the ideal L2 self" and "the ought-to L2 self") are linked with Foreign Language Enjoyment (FLE). Together, these are flourishing research areas in computer-assisted language learning,…

The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced various dimensions of higher education systems globally, including English language learning. To illustrate, the pedagogical practices should be altered from face-to-face to online modes. This move affects students' learning engagement, notably cognitive engagement. Although myriad studies have focused on…

The rapid transition to online teaching because of the global disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic exclaimed all the educators on finding the most efficient ways to teach in the presence of all rampant limitations caused in both social and academic lives. Facebook, as one of the favorite social networks, having hundreds of millions of users,…