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Direct linkYunjiu, Luo; Wei, Wei; Zheng, Ying – SAGE Open, 2022
Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the potential to reduce the workload for the second language (L2) teachers and test developers. We propose two AI distractor-generating methods for creating Chinese vocabulary items: semantic similarity and visual similarity. Semantic similarity refers to antonyms and synonyms, while visual similarity…
Descriptors: Chinese, Vocabulary Development, Artificial Intelligence, Undergraduate Students
Martiniello, Maria – Educational Assessment, 2009
This article examines nonmathematical linguistic complexity as a source of differential item functioning (DIF) in math word problems for English language learners (ELLs). Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between item measures of linguistic complexity, nonlinguistic forms of representation and DIF measures based on item…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, Grade 4, Test Bias, Word Problems (Mathematics)
