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Gyllstad, Henrik; McLean, Stuart; Stewart, Jeffrey – Language Testing, 2021
The last three decades have seen an increase of tests aimed at measuring an individual's vocabulary level or size. The target words used in these tests are typically sampled from word frequency lists, which are in turn based on language corpora. Conventionally, test developers sample items from frequency bands of 1000 words; different tests employ…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Sample Size, Language Tests, Test Items
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Hudson, Thom; Llosa, Lorena – Language Learning, 2015
Explicit attention to research design issues is essential in experimental second language (L2) research. Too often, however, such careful attention is not paid. This article examines some of the issues surrounding experimental L2 research and its relationships to causal inferences. It discusses the place of research questions and hypotheses,…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Research, Research Methodology, Correlation