Studies in language education have mainly been carried out either on target language as a second or a foreign language. However, there are not enough studies on second language and foreign language education in the same setting. This comparative case study investigated the attitudes of two language learner groups toward listening based on their…

Purpose: This study focuses on ESL teachers' strategies that foster higher-order thinking skills when teaching writing to weak ESL learners in two selected secondary schools in Malaysia. The ESL teachers' strategies that encourage higher-order thinking skills when teaching writing to weak ESL learners were recorded and examined to unsure that ESL…

The facts disclosed that Indonesian English Department (ED) students have difficulty disassembling the SIM and SPOSS in a practical sense. This happens because the SofLP as a fundamental theory and poem as the authentic learning medium to dismantle the Speaker's Intended Meaning (SIM) and Speaker's Purpose-Oriented Speech Situation (SPOSS) have…