Within limited-input language classrooms, understanding the effect of distribution of practice (spacing between practice) on learning is critical, yet evidence is conflicting and of limited relevance for young learners. For second language (L2) grammar learning, some studies reveal advantages for spacing of 7 days or more, but others for shorter…

The use of technology and learner autonomy are two key issues in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) programs. This study aimed to investigate Iranian medical students' readiness to do ESP tasks based on five situations and discover their reasons for choosing each of the situations. Two of the situations (1 and 2) embodied a conventional…

Although many studies reported that student-created video task could promote learners' active learning and engagement, the investigation on how the students worked and created the videos is still scarce. The process of video creation in a micro-reality context of English language learning involves social practice and cognition (a socio-cognitive…

In the light of evidence that attention can facilitate and enhance learning, this study attempts to investigate the allocation of attention to meaning and form simultaneously in reading comprehension in the foreign language among monolingual and bilingual learners of English. To this end, three groups of learners namely, bilingual (knowing…

In the present study, we take a longitudinal, corpus-based perspective to investigate short-term (over 9 months) linguistic change in the language produced for the spoken and written sections of the "TOEFL iBT"® test by a group of English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners in China. The goal of the study is to identify patterns that…

The present study carries out to investigate and identify the communication problems that affecting the Teaching/Learning process of ELT. It aims to help teachers and learners to know the cause of these problems and to use and practice (IPA) in English pronunciation. It also sheds light on the most common mistakes of English sounds in relation to…

The significance of feedback in the learning process, including that in second language (L2) writing pedagogy has been widely recognized. Many studies investigating the effect of feedback on students' writing have indicated that the feedback process helps students improve their writing quality. However, few studies exist that focus on how the…

This overview of seven years of research on language learning and teaching in Austria reflects a period of steady growth for the language teaching and learning research community, a development due to a national policy agenda aiming for a stronger research base in teacher education. The target languages of the teaching and learning processes…

This article assesses the position of post-colonial societies within a neoliberal paradigm through an analysis of the role of language in education and the importance of adequate academic preparation for social development. Generally, teacher-student interactions constitute the foundational substance of learning processes. Since education revolves…

The learning of English as a foreign language is a fundamental axis in the Dominican Republic, since the use of this language allows obtaining more employment and academic opportunities. The increasing access to the labor market has promoted the inclusion of tools in the classrooms to achieve an excellent written production. Then, there is a need…

Native-English speaking adults use morphological decomposition to understand complex words (e.g. "farmer" becomes "farm-er"). Whether decomposition is driven by semantic organization is still unclear. It is also unclear whether ESL adults and elementary age children use the same word processing strategies as native speaking…

Self-efficacy is an essential part of motivation that leads to the engagement in individual learning process. This study focuses on exploring the levels and sources of self-efficacy of foreign language learners who are in different learning stages. 518 students, as a sample of this study, were asked to fill in the questionnaire before it was…

Since its conception as a situation-specific construct, foreign language anxiety has been extensively investigated and expanded to account for the complex nature of language learning and teaching. This study aims to identify the underlying dimensions of beliefs about target language use, motivation, and the frequency of target language use. It…

When learning a third language (L3), learners, according to researchers, generally rely on a variety of resources, such as their L1 (first language), L2 (second language), and/or their current knowledge of the L3. Although studies have identified a number of factors that may influence a learner's choice of the source of transfer, these works were…

Review of the available literature suggests that empirical studies on the human factors in English translation programs both in Iran and worldwide are few and that theoretical views on the issue are also mainly tentative. This study set up to investigate the motivating and demotivating factors associated with learning translation in the Iranian…