This study is aimed to identify the effects of task complexity on first language (L1) use and the functions it may serve when two groups of learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) work on collaborative tasks. Twenty-four pairs of Chinese EFL learners from two universities were assigned to a lower-proficiency and a higher-proficiency group,…

Background: Cultivating staff's professional English has become an imperative and challenging issue in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) countries. English for medical professionals is also the common language around the world for publishing new medical knowledge or reports. Therefore, Medical English for Health Professionals (MEHP) is a crucial…

We report on a long-term collaboration with ninth-grade mathematics teachers at a linguistically diverse high school in which we examined the intersection between mathematics and language, and how language and mathematical thinking can be developed together in a multilingual setting. We co-designed lessons that promoted conceptual understanding,…

While studies have shown that additional language (Lx) learners build on knowledge of previously acquired languages (Ringbom 2007), the natural interaction between languages is rarely exploited in Lx classrooms. This study explores the nature of metalinguistic reflections and crosslinguistic connections during plurilingual consciousness-raising…

Second language (L2) learning has largely occurred in the traditional lecture-based classroom setting. Studies show that the lecture format has an impact on student outcomes and perceptions of classroom learning. Negative impacts include insufficient time for reinforcement activities, reviewing lecture materials, and engaging in conversation…

This study examined the within- and cross-language relationships between intrinsic language learning motivation, home literacy environment (shared book reading, parental literacy involvement, and parent perceived child literacy interest), and receptive vocabulary in 185 bilingual preschoolers and 233 primary school children in Singapore. Age…

New digital technologies such as social robots are embodied computers with human-like features and conversational capabilities that can socially interact with people. Social robots have been used in education as a learning tool to support second language learning. This essay discusses current research literature that has explored how social robots…

Despite the importance of speaking in developing learners' command of language, due to a paucity of research in the domain, little is understood of teachers' systematic strategy instructional practices to improve the quality of their students' utterances. This study sought to address this gap in knowledge through the study of the practices of an…

Second language learners, particularly those with lower proficiency, often struggle with insufficient practice and heightened anxiety when speaking. This case study investigates the impact of one-on-one online conversation lessons on a university student's speaking skills and language anxiety. The participant, a university student with low…

This classroom practice article explores the integration of TalkAbroad, an online language conversation platform, in an undergraduate World Languages Education program to support pre-service language teachers' oral proficiency development. Two pre-service teachers, facing challenges like family responsibilities and limited study abroad…

This study examines learners' experiences and the use of language learning applications ("apps") as a primary source of "second or additional language learning" ("L2") instruction and assessment in higher education. It purviews the integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered features that support…

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a graphic organizer for improving the expository text comprehension of adolescent Spanish-English bilingual students with learning disabilities. Students were two females and one male. Using a multiple baseline single case design, researchers taught students to create a funnel map graphic…

New teaching and learning practices related to gamified tools in online learning environments have become even more important during the pandemic and will continue to reshape educational processes, including higher education institutions, in the post-pandemic period. In line with this, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of…

Online Arabic learning presents several challenges, one of which is the ineffective utilization of learning media. This study aims to describe the tendency of Arabic learners through the Dars Arabi YouTube channel video media and the relationship between the learner's propensity and the variables of gender, age, and educational background of Dars…

The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to the need for institutions to provide online learning to their students. In this context, it is important to understand the views of both students and teachers regarding online classes. This study aims to explore the opinions of English teachers and students in vocational colleges in China about online English…