While primary studies on technology-mediated informal foreign language (FL) learning are increasingly popular, research synthesis on self-directed FL learning in incidental, out-of-class contexts are scarce. Therefore, this article seeks to address this gap in the literature through a qualitative research synthesis (QRS) on language learning in…

Language Instruction, especially teaching and learning English for specific purposes (ESP) with Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) has grown in popularity for over a decade. Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) is one of the appropriate teaching approaches used to make CALL more effective. This study attempts to develop, implement, and…

The aim of this study is to use augmented reality and hands-on activity with phonics cubes to create an augmented reality English learning system named the Rolling Alphabet-AR System to investigate its impact on English learning, flow experience, and English self-efficacy for sixth graders. This study adopted quasi-experimental research on 114…

Informal Digital Learning of English (IDLE) refers to individual's learning endeavor occurring in out-of-class environments in a naturalistic way independent from the requirements of a formal education program including assessment. Learners' IDLE experiences in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts are quite important to understand their…

Technology is here to stay and transfer our entire lives, including modes of communication and education. Its deep impact on our educational lives during the COVID-19 pandemic which forced education everywhere to go online cannot be denied. Technology-Mediated Language Learning (TMLL) otherwise known as Computer- Assisted Language Learning (CALL)…

This study carried out with the participation of 68 pre-service EFL teachers (PET) attending Turkish universities aims to investigate PETs' perceptions as to the use of online instructional tools (OIT). This is a mixed-methods study; both quantitative and qualitative data have been collected. Data were gathered in the academic year of 2018-2019…

Computer and internet technology encourage learners' autonomy by allowing them to choose the time, place, and circumstances conducive to learning (Ayllon et al., 2019; Baseghi, 2018; Rohatgi et al., 2016). The application of digital technology has meaningful connections with developing students' learning autonomy and promoting their skills…

Background: The use of chatbots as learning assistants is receiving increasing attention in language learning due to their ability to converse with students using natural language. Previous reviews mainly focused on only one or two narrow aspects of chatbot use in language learning. This review goes beyond merely reporting the specific types of…

This study was designed to see if using Test-Teach-Test (TTT) method via "Telegram" and "Edmodo" can promote EFL Learners' pragmatic awareness. To fulfill this aim, the researcher selected 93 learners from an initial pool of 130 female, pre-intermediate learners based on their performance on the Preliminary English Test (PET).…

This article presents a discussion and analysis on the implementation of social networks to support the learning of a second language (L2) in the field of Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL); an area that has regained especial significance in the post pandemic era. Through a cumulative case study report that compares and contrasts several…

Mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) is a new channel of learning languages. The usage of MALL instructional design integrates mobile devices with educational scenarios of teaching foreign languages. The study explores the central issue of how MALL instructional course design could help students to construct an out-of-class MALL experience.…

Idiomatic expressions like "hit the road" or "turn the tables" are known to be problematic for L2 learners, but research indicates that learning L2 idiomatic language is important. Relatively few studies, most of them focusing on English idioms, have investigated how L2 idioms are actually acquired and how this process is…

To trace the evolution of research strands in published Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) papers over time, a corpus of 426 highly-cited papers in four major CALL journals ("ReCALL," "CALL," "LL&T," and "CALICO Journal") was compiled and coded using NVivo 12. All identified aspects of…

Linggle is a pattern-based referencing tool that assists in collocation learning. In this ongoing project, we aimed to improve its performance further. First, many of the example sentences are long and difficult for students to understand, so we used a machine learning method and trained a classifier to help select dictionarylike example…

Digital technologies have proliferated communications between speakers of different languages, but the widespread use of online machine translation has now become a disruptive force for foreign language education, as it permits intelligible exchanges between persons with little or no knowledge of a foreign tongue. As machine translation technology…