Drama learning is helpful for English speaking, however, few studies provided students with opportunities to practice drama conversations individually. This study proposed a Context-Awareness Smart Learning Mechanism (CASLM) and integrated into SmartVpen that consisted of context-aware learning content, context-aware input assistance, oral…

Synchronous and asynchronous classes were implemented by universities around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) engaged in multiple practices when attending English writing classes in both modes. However, the practices they engaged in and the benefits they perceived were reportedly of…

Several studies have shown that morphological awareness contributes to the improvement of the comprehension of student reading and vocabulary learning, interest in the importance of language acquisition, and instruction of morphological awareness is increasing. This research emphasizes the use of morphological techniques used in reading…

In this commentary, I suggest that it may be helpful to think about the formidable problem space that Westergaard's (2021) Linguistic Proximity Model seeks to address at the three levels of analysis that Marr (1982) famously proposed are needed to understand any complex cognitive system. I argue that at the computational level of analysis, where…

The present study investigated the effects of exposure to Chinese orthography on learning phonological forms of new words in learners of Chinese as a second language. A total of 30 adult learners of Chinese studied spoken label and picture associations presented either with phonologically accurate characters, characters with partial phonological…

This study addresses whether there is anything special about learning a third language, as compared to learning a second language, that results solely from the order of acquisition. We use a computational model based on the mathematical framework of Linear Discriminative Learning to explore this question for the acquisition of a small trilingual…

This piece explores technologies for freer communication "with" machines, i.e. bots (chatbots or conversational agents), rather than the concept of speaking "to" machines, such as Intelligent Assistants (IA) like "Alexa." Bots are computer programmes which simulate natural intelligent communication using text or…

It has been argued in the literature on (language) testing that any act of testing/assessment can impact: (1) educators' curriculum design; (2) teachers' teaching practices; and (3) students' learning behaviors. This quality of any given testing situation or act of assessment has been called washback, or backwash if you will. Washback falls into…

Native speakers of English have a strong preference for transferred negation as opposed to non-transferred negation. The present study aims to examine whether young Chinese-speaking ESL learners have a target-like preference for transferred negation and whether they have a system-wide representation of transferred negation in their early English…

This chapter uses Kolb's (1984) theory of experiential learning to examine the learning process in two related contexts: A university-facilitated study tour for in-service English teachers from Norway and a short-term study-abroad program to Norway for US preservice teachers.

In March 2020 and following the outbreak of the corona virus pandemic, Morocco decided to stop classroom learning and replace it with distance learning, thus ensuring the continuity of learning for all Moroccan students. The challenge for the Moroccan legislator, now and then, is to institutionalize the practice of education through mediated forms…

Assessment is one component of a learning process that cannot be excluded by an English teacher in the teaching-learning process. The form and type of assessment applied in the teaching-learning process are adapted to the orientation of learners' target outcomes. It is a space of reflection for teachers and students in the awareness of…

International comparative curriculum research is becoming more important in a globalised world. However, up-to-date comparative studies of international foreign language education policies are still rare. This study compares current modern foreign language curricula in England with that in the state of North-Rhine Westphalia in Germany at Key…

Learning analytics (LA) has the potential to generate new insights into the complexities of learning behaviours in language massive open online courses (LMOOCs). In LA, the collective attention model takes an ecological system view of the dynamic process of unequal participation patterns in online and flexible learning environments. In this study,…

This study focuses on the integration of protocols into elementary school English teacher's professional dialogue and discusses the influence of protocols on teacher's teaching and learning. Based on the analysis of documents, observations, and interviews, this study concludes that the introduction of protocols to elementary school English…