Linguistic self-confidence is an underlying factor in L2 motivation and positive L2 learning outcomes. However, few studies have investigated its hypothesized relationship to objective L2 learning outcomes or the relationship between self-confidence and cognitive and affective individual differences that influence L2 learning. In this study,…

In the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) motivation is conceptualized to be generated by discomfort associated with the learner's experience of a discrepancy between their current L2 self, and their ideal L2 self. However, in the L2MSS model, this discrepancy is not operationalized. A questionnaire containing measures of current L2 selves was…

The overall objective of this study is to examine and analyze the impact of a relaxed and fun atmosphere on the second language learning. This is a mixed method research. It combines some parameters from qualitative and some from quantitative type of research. The children were divided into two groups: experimental and control group with 16…

The study aims to measure the effect of Task-based language teaching on grammatical achievement and the motivation of EFL learners at Dong Nai Technology University. The research will conduct a quick grammar test to administer 48 students at the school to achieve this goal. After sitting the test, the learners will undergo a 6-week course applying…

Social networking service platforms and social media have generated a significant amount of discussion and debate regarding their use in second or foreign language learning. However, leveraging digital tools with pedagogical constructs to enhance accessibility and engagement in teaching and learning English idiomatics has not received equal…

The aim of this paper is to show the impact of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) by using WhatsApp with activities based on collaborative work, real time communication, and feedback. The relevance of presenting authentic material such as topics of students' interest combined with collaborative work is central for developing…

This research is designed to find out whether joining an online community combined with contract learning can enhance the learning motivation of students, promote their self-regulated learning, and improve their academic achievements. In this regard, quasi-experiment research was conducted at primary level students in which the experimental group…

Peer review is generally regarded as a useful learning tool for students, providing them with opportunities to interact with their peers when engaging in the process of critical reading and critical thinking, thus possibly raising students' motivation to learn. For peer review to be a manageable task for students, appropriate scaffolding is…

Purpose: In the field of second language education, self-directed learning is really important as it can empower students to attain optimal success in language learning by engaging students to express their ideas confidently, think reflectively and make use of language learning strategies. The main aim of the present study is to investigate…

This article reports the first meta-analysis of the L2 motivational self system (Dörnyei, 2005, 2009). A total of 32 research reports, involving 39 unique samples and 32,078 language learners, were meta-analyzed. The results showed that the three components of the L2 motivational self system (the ideal L2 self, the oughtto L2 self, and the L2…

Examining the reasons for the increasing number of Iranians learning German and creating of a first theoretical basis for that is the subject of this paper. In this regard, 370 Iranian learners of German from the German Language Institute in Tehran were questioned and their motivations were studied mainly based on the theory of "L2…

The objective of this study was to identify the impact of implementing English as a medium of instruction (EMI) drawing upon Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) methodology in science for pre-service teachers. Lecturers specialized in modern languages and science education collaborated to design and implement the CLIL-izing EMI…

This qualitative study uses a semi-structured interview to investigate why Saudi learners stop learning a third language and whether these reasons are permanent or temporary. The participants were six female master's degree students who had experience learning a third language outside of formal education or informal settings. This study identifies…

This study aims at uncovering the perspectives of tertiary English language learners on the emergency distance language learning practices carried into effect following the devastating earthquakes in Türkiye in 2023. The study adopted a descriptive phenomenological research pattern as a qualitative study to gain an in-depth understanding of the…

This study examines the motivations of learners studying Welsh in the city of Esquel, Argentine Patagonia. Welsh is considered a heritage immigrant language in this region, given the fact that a group of Welsh settlers arrived in 1865 and established successful settlements. After a flourishing period, the process of acculturation reduced the…