This essay considers three areas in Spanish grammar that generally cause difficulty to English-speaking learners: the use of "ser" and "estar," the difference in use between the preterite and imperfect tenses, and the use of the subjunctive. Like most problematic grammatical elements in any language, these points are difficult for non-native…

This is a report on the use of computerized instruction in some of the elementary French classes at the University of Illinois (Urbana campus). This project was initiated in the fall of 1968. The experiments were carried out on the PLATO III system until January 1973 at which time the PLATO IV system became operational for student use. This…

This paper discusses the role of intelligence in language comprehension. In the study reported, an attempt is made to determine how much of the variability in English reading scores of non-native speakers of English can be predicted on the basis of intelligence alone. In the study, three measures of reading comprehension are used: a traditional…

A study was conducted that was designed to determine if experienced ESL (English as a second language) teachers, working in pairs, can reach the same judgments regarding the oral proficiency of non-native speakers of English and to determine the reliability of such judgments. In addition, the question of whether different sets of judges rate…

This paper explores the different patterns of cognitive behavior of children from varying linguistic, socio-economic, and cultural backgrounds. Several perspectives on cognitive consequences as related to language, class, and culture are presented. The sample consisted of grade one children, one hundred ten boys and one hundred girls between six…

The following papers on acquisition of reading skills are included: (1) "Miscue Analysis and Future Research Directions" (Goodman); (2) "Reading in Spanish: Insights from Children's Miscues" (Barrera); (3) "An Investigation of the Oral Reading Behaviors of Native Spanish Speakers Reading in Spanish" (Hudelson); (4) "A Study of Oral Reading in…

This is the report of a study in which the needs of Nebraska Indochinese refugees were assessed by in-person interviews in 115 households representing 30% of the Indochinese households in the State. These households included five ethnic groups (ethnic Vietnamese, Chinese Vietnamese, Cambodians, Laotians, and Hmong) and were representatives of the…

Communication within the foreign language profession and with the public is discussed. The responsibilities of national, regional, state, and local professional organizations in dealing with matters of articulation and standardization are discussed. Articulation means setting up common goals and ideals for foreign language learning and teaching…

This bibliography is designed to provide Americans who are working with Indochinese refugee adults with an idea of what materials are commercially available in the field of teaching English as a second language. Materials were chosen because they have been successfully used with Indochinese refugees over the last three years, or because they have…

This paper reviews some of the strategies the receiver uses in the process of comprehending a message in a foreign language and discusses some of the ways in which the listener/reader goes beyond the actual physical form of the message during this process. The role of guessing is discussed in the context of the following theories: the…

A discussion of programs in foreign language, bilingual/bicultural education, and English as a second language (ESL) considers the unique aspects of each program, what they have in common, and areas in which closer cooperation might be developed. Foreign (or second) language programs are characterized by an attempt to give students some…

The Fulbright-Hays Teaching Exchange with Germany is a one-for-one exchanqe for approximately twenty pairs of American and German teachers. American elementary and secondary school teachers as well as college instructors and assistant professors replace their German counterparts for an academic year at either a "Hauptschule" (a…

This primary reader is intended for use in a bilingual education setting. It consists of a story about a little Hispanic boy's adventures in San Francisco's Chinatown. The story attempts to show children the value of knowing two languages and learning about different cultures. Each page has a large black-and-white illustration and presents the…

A study was conducted with the following objectives: (1) to determine if sentence-combining practice would prove to be an efficient way of promoting statistically significant syntactic development in the writing of third quarter college students of French, German, and Spanish; (2) to apply the methodology for analysis of writing samples to…

This teacher's handbook delineates core features of Vietnamese culture, identifies conflicts Vietnamese children may face as students in American schools and provides suggestions for accurate school records, grade placement and assessment and instruction in English. Part I outlines religous beliefs and practices, indicates basic values (filial…