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Haerim Hwang – Written Communication, 2025
The use of subordination enables language users to achieve syntactic efficiency by allowing them to connect ideas in temporal/logical relation. Although the importance of subordination has been recognized in previous research on second language (L2) writing, it has been typically assessed with global indices that measure overall ratio of…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Writing (Composition), Form Classes (Languages), Syntax
Erik Voss; Hansun Zhang Waring – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2025
Significant advancements in voice chatbots have spurred interest into their role in second language learning (Conium, 2008), particularly their ability to assist in the development of learners' conversation skills in a target language. Many efforts have been made to explore AI's potential to act as conversation partners for language learners. Of…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Computer Mediated Communication, Man Machine Systems
Ekaterina Tour; Mark Pegrum; Shem Macdonald – English Australia Journal, 2025
As artificial intelligence (AI), and especially generative AI, are increasingly impacting daily life, it is becoming essential for learners to acquire AI literacy -- the capability to interact with AI at the interface of technology and the target language. Without AI literacy, they may struggle to navigate AI-driven systems and access benefits of…
Descriptors: English Learners, Technology Uses in Education, Educational Strategies, Artificial Intelligence
Jaeho Jeon; Seongyong Lee; Seongyune Choi – Interactive Learning Environments, 2024
Chatbot research has received growing attention due to the rapid diversification of chatbot technology, as demonstrated by the emergence of large language models (LLMs) and their integration with automatic speech recognition. However, among various chatbot types, speech-recognition chatbots have received limited attention in relevant research…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Content Analysis, Second Language Learning, Artificial Intelligence
Hui Wen Chua; Nagaletchimee Annamalai – International Journal of Technology in Education, 2025
The role of AI chatbots is undergoing a transformation, where it was firstly used for English native language learning; later, it shifted to the use for learning English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language learning. Lastly, it is used to learn foreign languages. Hence, due to the changes in AI chatbots' role, there is a…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Natural Language Processing, English (Second Language)
Yanyan Zhang; Xiaomin Lai; Suping Yi; Yefeng Lu – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
A new kind of reading platform supported by ChatGPT has quickly become a popular research assistant among students due to its instant natural language interaction and question-answering capabilities. This study explored the effects of ChatGPT-based reading platform on student's foreign language paper reading. A total of 64 undergraduate students…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Natural Language Processing, Undergraduate Students
Yuxia Ma – European Journal of Education, 2025
The benefits of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in enhancing second language (L2) learning are well established. However, these advantages can only be realised if learners are willing to adopt the technology. This study, grounded in the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), investigated the factors influencing the behavioural intention to…
Descriptors: College Students, Student Attitudes, Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education
Monteiro, Kátia; Crossley, Scott; Botarleanu, Robert-Mihai; Dascalu, Mihai – Language Testing, 2023
Lexical frequency benchmarks have been extensively used to investigate second language (L2) lexical sophistication, especially in language assessment studies. However, indices based on semantic co-occurrence, which may be a better representation of the experience language users have with lexical items, have not been sufficiently tested as…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Languages, Native Language, Semantics
Xinming Chen; Ziqian Zhou; Malila Prado – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2025
This study explores the efficacy of ChatGPT-3.5, an AI chatbot, used as an Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) system and feedback provider for IELTS essay preparation. It investigates the alignment between scores given by ChatGPT-3.5 and those assigned by official IELTS examiners to establish its reliability as an AES. It also identifies the strategies…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Technology Uses in Education, Automation
Pack, Austin; Maloney, Jeffrey – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2023
Progress made in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years has resulted in these tools becoming more accessible for individuals who lack professional training. Of particular note are large language models, such as OpenAI's GPT-3.5. Discussions of utilizing AI for language education usually focus on the…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software, Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning
Ardeshir Geranpayeh – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2023
The recent surge in the popularity of Large Language Models (LLM) for language assessment underscores the growing significance of cost-effective language evaluation in our increasingly digitalized society. This paper posits that the application of computational psychometrics can enable the incorporation of technology into language assessment,…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Psychometrics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
C. M. Downey – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) over the past decade have largely been driven by the scale of data and computation used to train large neural network-based models. However, these techniques are inapplicable to the vast majority of the world's languages, which lack the vast digitized text datasets available for English and a few other…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Natural Language Processing, Transfer of Training, Second Language Learning
Abbas Hadizadeh – Acuity: Journal of English Language Pedagogy, Literature and Culture, 2024
Since the advent of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies, the landscape of education, especially in English Language Teaching and learning, has undergone significant transformations. Academic writing, a key skill in this context, has witnessed notable benefits from technological advancements, particularly in the contemporary era. One…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Technology Uses in Education, English (Second Language)
Soo Hyoung Joo – Studies in Applied Linguistics & TESOL, 2024
The advent of generative AI (GenAI) technology has impacted second language (L2) learning and assessment, offering new opportunities for learners to practice and improve their skills. One approach gaining interest is employing GenAI tools as writing or speaking partners to provide personalized, real-time feedback and assistance to learners. These…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Second Language Learning, Technology Uses in Education, Man Machine Systems
Safaa M. Abdelhalim – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2024
Background: Introducing new technologies in education sparks debates, disrupting traditional practices, and requiring teacher adaptation. ChatGPT is an example. Research explores its benefits and concerns in education, with recommendations for classroom use. Nevertheless, limited evidence supports ChatGPT as a tool for supporting English as a…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Man Machine Systems, Natural Language Processing, Second Language Learning