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Direct linkBrunfaut, Tineke; Harding, Luke – Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 2020
In the field of second and foreign language learning, the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR) is widely-used for setting language proficiency standards within European, and increasingly global, contexts. Few studies, however, have investigated the ways in which systemic, macro-level factors within national educational…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, Standards, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Saida, Chisato – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2017
The new national educational policy was implemented at secondary schools in 2002 in Japan. The revised Course of Study for foreign language education corresponding to the national educational policy decreased the number of English lessons per week from four to three at the junior high school level, which resulted in a 25% decrease in English…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Policy, Educational Change, Curriculum Development
