This article presents a model of teacher research supported by academic partners to develop a better understanding of the barriers to education faced by young people growing up in poverty. It critiques politicians' demands for teachers to "close the gap" for ignoring the cumulative intergenerational effects of deprivation. The authors…

Many academic examinations exhibit sex differences in terms of entry figures and pass rates. This fact is illustrated by a selection of statistics from the British GCE "O" level examination results for June 1976. These results are discussed in terms of three possible causes: innate differences in intellectual functioning, sex role…

To document counselor bias toward females and identify some of its correlates, six short case studies were devised describing either a male or female. When the study described a female, counselors chose occupations that paid less, required less prerequisite education, and were more closely supervised than a study describing a male. (Author)

This paper is concerned with the relationship of three areas: sex roles, values, and career decision making. The first section is a background statement, briefly reviewing relevant literature to document values in relation to career decision making. The second section examines definitions of values and how values are related to sex roles, both…

Examines the occupational aspirations of adolescent women. Subjects were 149 eleventh graders. Results indicate that many teenage females still subscribe to traditional sex-role values in their occupational aspirations. (Author)

The purpose of this study was to determine if high school counselors exhibit vocational female/male sex role stereotyping of high school students in traditional occupational fields. No overt sex bias was found. (Author)

This study sought to determine the attitudes of guidance counselors toward the entrance of women into the profession of medicine. In order to answer this broad question two research methods were employed. The counselors were given a paired comparisons task, i.e., they were asked to make 66 choices among 12 high school students to determine who…

To test whether the traditionally inferior performance in mathematics of girls relative to boys is the result of sex stereotyping, 2,000 sixth- to twelfth-grade boys and girls were administered tests in mathematics aptitude and tests to measure the strength of sex-role stereotyping. The results showed that at all levels subjects displayed no…

High school students from various types of schools neither stereotyped nor chose to stereotype the secretarial position. A small group of interested males should be encouraged to become secretaries. (Author)

Intervention procedures, consisting of a brief report of vocational interest scores and small-group sessions on vocational planning, were designed to encourage girls to consider the full range of occupations, unrestricted by sex-role stereotypes. Outcomes differed according to interest type, thus suggesting that certain students may need more…

This paper investigates how well today's career materials represent women workers in illustrations. The specific populations reported on in this paper, from which two samples were selected, were: (1) the student materials (N=1091) listed in the Vocational Guidance Quarterly (VGC) "Current Career Literature" bibliographies from 1970…

This study compared appropriateness of course choices made by female and male counselees as rated by female and male counselors to determine if there was a sex bias effect. No significant differences were found between the ratings of the female and male counselors. (Author)

Factors associated with fostering and overcoming sex-role stereotyping in secondary level occupational education in New York State were identified during the first of a two-phase project. The first phase, a pilot study, focused on the program area of Trade, Industrial, and Service Education. (Phase II will involve an expanded analysis of factors…

This report reviews sex discrimination in guidance and counseling in secondary and post secondary education. The primary focus of the study is vocational guidance and counseling. Personal social counseling and mental health are examined briefly. The discussion is based on an extensive literature review, a re-analysis of existing data, and…

This study compared the appropriateness of course choices by female and male counselees as rated by female and male counselors to determine the possibility of sex bias effect. The sex, grade, and ability level of ratees were controlled in a four-way analysis of variance. The subjects were randomly selected and assigned to each counselor in order…