This article gives a historical overview of the development as well as the current usage of the term ego strength. The factors involved in the development of ego strength, the impact of ego strength on learners and the necessity for teachers' awareness are discussed. A combined quantitative-qualitative research design was followed, where a group…

Clinical judgement involves a search for internal consistency which can be validated by predicting responses within a protocol, or internally. Internal predictive validity assumes that one source of consistency is the individual--an assumption that was tested in a prediction task using the sentence completion test (SCT). Artificial protocols…

An Analysis of responses to the Spence-Helmreich Attitudes Toward Women Scale by the Loevinger-Wessler Stages of ego development is presented in this article. The ANOVA results show a clear trend for attitude scores of women to increase toward equality and choice as their ego stage increases. (Author)