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| Academic Failure | 1 |
| Developmental Stages | 1 |
| Elementary School Students | 1 |
| Helplessness | 1 |
| Models | 1 |
| Perceptual Development | 1 |
| Personality Traits | 1 |
| Preschool Children | 1 |
| Self Concept | 1 |
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| Child Development | 1 |
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| Information Analyses | 1 |
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Peer reviewedBurhans, Karen Klein; Dweck, Carol S. – Child Development, 1995
Reviews a series of studies documenting that key aspects of helpless reactions to failure are present in preschool and early elementary school children. Proposes a preliminary model in which a general conception of self and the notion of this self as an object of contingent worth are sufficient conditions for helplessness. (HTH)
Descriptors: Academic Failure, Developmental Stages, Elementary School Students, Helplessness
