Proposes a framework for understanding the ethnic identity development of South Asian Americans, primarily Indian and Pakistan Americans. Cultural identity is placed in the context of the social, psychological, political, and historical background of the Indian subcontinent and the United States. Culture, gender, and worldview are examined. (RJM)

To dispel confusion, White racial identity and White racial consciousness are described and contrasted in terms of theoretical conceptualization and measures used. It is recommended that priority be given to the validation of existing or new measurement instruments to provide a sound basis for future findings. (Author)