This critical action research study demonstrated the importance of creating liberatory learning environments for Black and Brown student scholars through culturally relevant pedagogy. Decolonization paradigms were employed to understand the impact of colonization and how it currently influences educational structures for Black and Brown students…

This quantitative study investigated the impact of campus climate on the ethnic identity development and sense of belonging among Middle Eastern and North African/Southwest Asian and North African (MENA/SWANA) college students. This student population has largely been absent from research due to their classification as White in the U.S. Census and…

Advocates cultural pluralism, the affirmation of ethnic identity, and the avoidance of chauvinism. Argues that racial pluralism would mean people dealing with the whole of society based on their own unique background; would lead to a more just society; and would promote an inclusive society in education, economics, and politics. (DMM)

The double consciousness model represents Black self-concept as being comprised of three primary cognitive structures: the "I," the "me," and the "we" self-referents. A study was conducted to examine three assumptions pertaining to the "we" self-referent: (1) that it reflects attitudes and behaviors developed because of Black Americans' African…

This study tests the hypothesis that ethnicity is more salient in people's self concepts in an ethnically mixed society than in a segregated one, and that in an integrated society, ethnicity is more salient in the self concepts of members of the minority group than the majority group. Subjects were elementary, junior high, and high school…

This conference paper presents the "ethnic matrix," a theoretical model of the process of ethnicity which describes how ethnic identity is sustained or diminished in the life of an individual or ethnic group. After a general introduction, the first of the paper's three major sections presents a research review and overview of historical and…

Analyzes data from a case study of Haitian immigrants in a small midwestern city. Discusses the Haitian's motivations for immigration; the role of Whites as immigration sponsors, employers, language models, and cultural mediators; the Haitians' attempts to minimize the effects of racial ascription; group unity and identity maintenance; and…

This report discusses variations in background of Greek-Australian high school students in Sydney, Australia, and examines and describes the pattern of individual responses to the social context. Literature on the ethnic background of Greeks in Australia is briefly reviewed, and previous findings are presented to articulate some of the issues…

Sixty-nine undergraduates answered a survey on their own self-label (Afro-American; Black Afro-American; Black American; Black; or Other) and why they chose that label. There was a clear preference for the term Black among respondents, a term that was likely a product of the 1960s Black movement. (CJS)

Examines the effects of ethnicity on students, discussing how the meaning and practice of ethnic identity are shaped by school experiences. The article suggests ethnicity is negotiated across time and social situations, rather than solely from group membership. Daily social interaction mediates and reshapes institutionally produced social or…

Describes three models of ethnic identity development, with particular focus on their significance for understanding the socialization and self-concepts of Black children. Considers implications for educational reform and suggests the models provide useful frameworks for making better decisions about when educators should introduce materials about…

Recommends developing a secure, positive sense of one's racial identity through questioning preexisting attitudes and examining the past and present relationships between one's own and other groups. Describes several models of positive ethnic identity development for minority and white students. Discusses the implications of this research for…

This paper reviews the research and theories on ethnic identity development, and draws some implications from these ideas for improving curriculum design for, and instructional effectiveness with, ethnically different students, especially Black Americans. The paradigm of "the developmental stages of ethnic identity transformation"…

Research on U.S. "Greek" sororities has typically addressed issues dealing with White women in higher education. In contrast, this case study sought to identify the cultural behaviors and group norms that serve to enhance academic achievement and reinforce personal growth among members of a Latina sorority. In fall 1993, interviews were…

Presents the results of a case study of 9- to 11-year-olds' understanding of nationalism and collective identity in Scotland. Compares the responses of mostly-white Edinburgh students with those drawn from a multiethnic cohort from English schools. Examines the policy implications of these results. (MJP)