There is growing awareness of mental health problems among UK business students, which appears to be exacerbated by students' attitudes of shame toward mental health. This study recruited 138 UK business students and examined the relationship between mental health and shame, and mental health and potential protective factors such as…

Co-rumination, a social process between two friends, is defined as the frequent and excessive discussion of personal problems. Like body image and alcohol use, it is one of those complicated issues embedded in larger cultural realities, which makes it universally recognizable. On campus, co-rumination has deleterious side effects: it challenges…

The purpose of this study was to test the fit of a theoretical model in which separation-individuation, career exploration, and identity diffusion were specified as mediators of the relationship between attachment functioning (anxious and avoidant) and career indecision (informational and personal-emotional). Structural equation modeling (SEM)…

The present study investigated the influence of contextual (i.e., being in college vs. being employed) and psychological (i.e., sense of coherence) processes on achieving a sense of adulthood in a sample of 317 emerging adults. Identity formation, conceptualized as multiple dimensions of exploration and of commitment, was conceived of as a…

Social constructivists posit that learning involves social interactions among individuals in a given place and time. Since teachers play a significant role in how social interactions are developed and determined in the school classroom, it is important to learn how teachers make decisions about their teaching behaviors and interactions with their…

Examined age differences in self-esteem concepts. Found that with increasing age, children's concepts increasingly resembled those of some theorists. Subjects believed that liking oneself influences internal reactions to events. From nine years, children used self-esteem to explain others' thoughts and feelings, and expected self-esteem to resist…

The article not only establishes the salient dimensions of self-concept in adults, but also considers whether these dimensions change over time. Data were gathered from a 70-item adjective checklist, administered twice, with a five-year interval. Data revealed that dimensional change was too often ignored. (LPG)

If athletes are to realize their potential, many developmental, socio-psychological, and personal resource variables must be recognized for their possible contributions. (JD)

Depressed individuals may filter or distort environmental information in direct relationship to their self perceptions. To investigate the degree of uncertainty about oneself and others, as measured by consistent/inconsistent responses, 72 college students (32 depressed and 40 nondepressed) rated selected adjectives from the Derry and Kuiper…

How young people respond to verbal abuse directed at them purely because they are unemployed was studied. It was found that since young unemployed blame themselves for their failure to gain a job, they do not regard abuse as unjust and, consequently, are unable to defend themselves adequately. (Author/RM)

The concept of shame may be an important factor in the low utilization of mental health services, under-employment patterns, and religious orientation of Pacific and Asian Americans (PAAs). Pacific and Asian Americans generally have high academic achievement and a low rate of crime and delinquency. Because of this, the myth of the Pacific and…

Although much is being written about the sociological aspects of the battering syndrome, little has been done to investigate the personality characteristics of battered women. To investigate the personality characteristics which relate to the life styles of battered women, 60 women (30 battered women, 30 non-battered women), ranging in age from 19…

Identity development has been conceptualized as a process with four possible outcomes or identity statuses: Achievement, Moratorium, Foreclosure, and Diffusion. If males placed a high value on an identity crisis, women who identified with the male sex role would be expected to be in a crisis (Moratorium) or post-crisis (Achievement) status.…

Relationships among prior achievement, academic anxiety, locus of control, and performance in the first year of medical school were examined. Academic anxiety was found to be significantly related to first-year performance and when combined with a measure of prior achievement, resulted in a significant increase in prediction. (Author/MLW)

Studied self-efficacy and treatment outcomes in a sample of opioid addicts. Results show self-efficacy influenced subsequent drug use in parallel with previous behavior. Suggests that psychological constructs like self-efficacy may hold promise for understanding and decreasing illicit opioid use during long-term methadone detoxification treatment.…