This essay will discuss two educational programs to improve the living conditions of students from low income families that Pedro T. Orata conducted during the middle years of the twentieth century. The question this paper will investigate is whether Orata considered the people he was trying to help as being trapped by the conditions of poverty to…

This paper describes an organization developed by and for people with physical disabilities in Malaysia, as a case study of self-help action in the southeast Asia region. The paper reviews the origin and growth of the organization, its program of activities, and the nature and future of disability self-help. (Author/JDD)

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT HAS BECOME A SUCCESSFUL INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT BY PROVIDING BOTH FOREIGN AID PERSONNEL AND "NEW ELITES" WITH A STRATEGY FOR MAXIMIZING CERTAIN SYSTEM-MAINTENANCE PROCLIVITIES. BUT IT TENDS TO BE UNSUCCESSFUL AS A COMMUNITY MOVEMENT FOR TWO REASONS--(1) IT THREATENS AND IS THREATENED BY INDEPENDENT ENTRON COMMUNITIES (COMPOSED…

A community water supply project in Cameroon illustrates the following constraints on community participation in development: paternalistic authorities, prescriptive role of the state, selective participation, bias toward "hard" issues, inattention to negative results, group conflicts, gatekeeping, pressure for immediate results,…

A study of three Nigerian villages produced the following suggestions for improving the problems facing rural community development: democratic participative decision making, care in project selection, government incentives, promotion of adult literacy, and well-trained community workers. (SK)

The case study examines the work of a coalition between certain women's groups in India and a nongovernmental charitable trust. The mission of the coalition is to empower Indian women, who generally possess neither land nor power, to care for their livestock. (CH)

Author shares experiences and insights, acquired while working in education in Kenya, which might help teachers who want their classes to have an exciting study of the country. (Author)

Illustrates the three central tenets of primary health care (equality, systemic dynamics, and self-reliance) and highlights points of similarity with adult education. Demonstrates adult education's role in promoting health care: information, mobilization, and integration. (SK)

The three major goals of the International Labour Organisation's Workers' Education Programme are (1) strengthening of rural workers' organizations; (2) development of institutional and financial structures for the support of workers' education; and (3) focus on education for social and economic participation. (SK)

A discussion of regional community development through self-help programs in rural developing areas presents the need for a diversified system of institutions to ensure a developmental process based on qualitative rather than quantitative criteria. Available from: Editorial and Business Offices, Piazza Cavalieri di Malta, 2, 00153 Rome, Italy. (EA)

The paper documents and analyzes the nature of community self-help efforts in rural areas of Anambra State, Nigeria. It notes that community perceptions of development are based on a social and economic yardstick and differ from the prevailing public policy on agricultural development. (Author/SB)

Describes the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the political arena, as well as in development and public welfare roles. Traces the recent history of grassroots efforts to solve social problems in Latin America. NGOs can strengthen institution building and influence national policymaking. (KS)

Discusses how cultural vitality drives successful community development. Links cultural, community, and environmental values. Examines successes and failures of programs attempting to link culture and development in Panama, Ecuador, and Colombia. Examines role of cultural self-examination for creating new development paradigm. Examines prospects…