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Showing 1 to 15 of 16 results Save | Export
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Canessa, Enrique; Chaigneau, Sergio E.; Moreno, Sebastián – Cognitive Science, 2021
In the property listing task (PLT), participants are asked to list properties for a concept (e.g., for the concept "dog," "barks," and "is a pet" may be produced). In conceptual property norming (CPNs) studies, participants are asked to list properties for large sets of concepts. Here, we use a mathematical model of…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Concept Formation, Semantics, Visual Impairments
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McClelland, James L. – First Language, 2020
Humans are sensitive to the properties of individual items, and exemplar models are useful for capturing this sensitivity. I am a proponent of an extension of exemplar-based architectures that I briefly describe. However, exemplar models are very shallow architectures in which it is necessary to stipulate a set of primitive elements that make up…
Descriptors: Models, Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Language Usage
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Jones, Michael N. – Grantee Submission, 2018
Abstraction is a core principle of Distributional Semantic Models (DSMs) that learn semantic representations for words by applying dimensional reduction to statistical redundancies in language. Although the posited learning mechanisms vary widely, virtually all DSMs are prototype models in that they create a single abstract representation of a…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Semantics, Memory, Learning Processes
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Ambridge, Ben – First Language, 2020
The goal of this article is to make the case for a radical exemplar account of child language acquisition, under which unwitnessed forms are produced and comprehended by on-the-fly analogy across multiple stored exemplars, weighted by their degree of similarity to the target with regard to the task at hand. Across the domains of (1) word meanings,…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Morphology (Languages), Phonetics, Phonology
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Iliev, Rumen; Axelrod, Robert – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2017
We introduce a novel measure of abstractness based on the amount of information of a concept computed from its position in a semantic taxonomy. We refer to this measure as "precision". We propose two alternative ways to measure precision, one based on the path length from a concept to the root of the taxonomic tree, and another one based…
Descriptors: Psycholinguistics, Taxonomy, Concept Formation, Language Processing
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Zhang, Xiaohong; Han, Zaizhu; Bi, Yanchao – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2013
Using the blocked-translation paradigm with healthy participants, we examined Crutch and Warrington's hypothesis that concrete and abstract concepts are organized by distinct principles: concrete concepts by semantic similarities and abstract ones by associations. In three experiments we constructed two types of experimental blocking (similar…
Descriptors: Translation, Semantics, Language Impairments, Psycholinguistics
Lipschultz, Michael; Litman, Diane; Katz, Sandra; Albacete, Patricia; Jordan, Pamela – Grantee Submission, 2014
Post-problem reflective tutorial dialogues between human tutors and students are examined to predict when the tutor changed the level of abstraction from the student's preceding turn (i.e., used more general terms or more specific terms); such changes correlate with learning. Prior work examined lexical changes in abstraction. In this work, we…
Descriptors: Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Natural Language Processing, Semantics, Abstract Reasoning
Johnson, Matt A. – ProQuest LLC, 2013
This dissertation will focus on the processing and learning of abstract, phrasal argument structure constructions. Chapter 1 provides the theoretical framework for abstract constructions, and illustrates the importance of such representations in speakers' linguistic knowledge. Chapter 2 reviews the evidence for meaning being associated with…
Descriptors: Autism, Prediction, Language Acquisition, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Dunabeitia, Jon Andoni; Aviles, Alberto; Afonso, Olivia; Scheepers, Christoph; Carreiras, Manuel – Cognition, 2009
In the present visual-world experiment, participants were presented with visual displays that included a target item that was a semantic associate of an abstract or a concrete word. This manipulation allowed us to test a basic prediction derived from the qualitatively different representational framework that supports the view of different…
Descriptors: Semantics, Vocabulary Development, Semiotics, Models
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Pinheiro, Ana P.; Galdo-Alvarez, Santaigo; Sampaio, Adriana; Niznikiewicz, Margaret; Goncalves, Oscar F. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder due to microdeletion in chromosome 7, has been described as a syndrome with an intriguing socio-cognitive phenotype. Cognitively, the relative preservation of language and face processing abilities coexists with severe deficits in visual-spatial tasks, as well as in tasks involving…
Descriptors: Sentences, Semantics, Language Processing, Spatial Ability
Ward, Shawn L.; Overton, Willis F. – 1984
A study investigating developmental differences in the ability to reason with conditional propositions used five variations of Wason's selection task to assess conditional reasoning in 132 eighth, tenth, and twelfth grade adolescents. In addition to examining developmental differences, the study had as an objective to examine the role of semantic…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adolescents, Age Differences, Cognitive Development
Bidlack, Betty M. – 1985
A study of the development of abstract noun definitions in children and adolescents had as its subjects 120 students evenly divided into age groups of 10-, 14-, and 18-year-olds, randomly selected from students scoring in the 40th to 88th percentiles on the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (for 10-year-olds) and the Tests of Achievement and Proficiency…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adolescents, Age Differences, Children
Moeser, Shannon Dawn – Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 1976
Experiments are reported in which semantically interrelating sentences were presented to subjects as discrete items, and inference tests were given to measure the degree to which the similar information had been stored in the same memory system. Results suggest that verbal information is sometimes encoded into an episodic system. (Author/RM)
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Cognitive Processes, Elementary School Students, Language Processing
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Falmagne, Rachel Joffe; And Others – Cognitive Development, 1994
Investigated third and sixth graders' understanding of factive presupposition using two tasks: one requiring an abstract truth judgment of the verb complement, the other calling for informal judgment of consistency between the target sentence and the negation of its complement. Results indicated the development of factive presupposition is an…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Grade 3
Hurtig, Richard – 1974
In the first section a sketch of a tense logic is presented and a mechanism is suggested for including aspects of the tense logic into the Grammar (theory of language). Specifically, several grammatical structures are shown to incorporate temporal features. A semantic projection mechanism is utilized to amalgamate the temporal features in elements…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Adverbs, Cognitive Processes, Conjunctions
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