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Zhao, Wenbo; Yin, Yue; Hu, Xiao; Shanks, David R.; Yang, Chunliang; Luo, Liang – Metacognition and Learning, 2023
Item memory (e.g., recall or recognition of specific items) can reactively change when metacognitively monitored via judgments of learning (JOLs). The current research explores whether memory for inter-item relations (e.g., semantic relations among list items) is reactively influenced by JOLs. Participants in Experiment 1 studied rhyming word…
Descriptors: Memory, Metacognition, Recall (Psychology), Learning
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Toppino, Thomas C.; Cohen, Michael S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
What do learners do when they control whether to engage in massed or spaced practice? According to theories by Son (2004) and by Metcalfe and Kornell (2005), the tendency for learners to choose spaced practice over massed practice should decline as item difficulty becomes greater. Support originally was obtained when pairs containing unfamiliar…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Difficulty Level, Learning Processes, Prediction