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Jianyi Liu; Tengwen Fan; Yan Chen; Jingjing Zhao – npj Science of Learning, 2023
Statistical learning (SL) plays a key role in literacy acquisition. Studies have increasingly revealed the influence of distributional statistical properties of words on visual word processing, including the effects of word frequency (lexical level) and mappings between orthography, phonology, and semantics (sub-lexical level). However, there has…
Descriptors: Semantics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Language Processing, Reading Processes
Garrido, Margarida V.; Prada, Marília; Simão, Cláudia; Semin, Gün R. – Cognitive Science, 2019
In two experiments, we examined the impact of color on cognitive performance by asking participants to categorize stimuli presented in three different colors: red, green, and gray (baseline). Participants were either asked to categorize the meaning of words as related to the concepts of "go" or "stop" (Experiment 1) or to…
Descriptors: Color, Language Processing, Semantics, Classification
Iyad Ghanim – ProQuest LLC, 2022
Early and late bilinguals both differ in the speed with which they comprehend language or in their processing of sentences compared to monolinguals. This is possibly a result of cross-language interference, differential allocation of cognitive resources, or some other difference in language-dependent processes. This dissertation presents research…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, Semantics
Cheung, Rachael W.; Hartley, Calum; Monaghan, Padraic – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify variability in word-learning mechanisms used by late-talking children using a longitudinal study design, which may explain variability in late-talking children's outcomes. Method: A cohort of typically developing children (n = 40) and children who were classified as late-talking children at age 2;0…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Learning Processes, Preschool Children, Delayed Speech
Borovsky, Arielle – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Toddlerhood is marked by advances in several lexico-semantic skills, including improvements in the size and structure of the lexicon and increased efficiency in lexical processing. This project seeks to delineate how early changes in vocabulary size and vocabulary structure support lexical processing (Experiment 1), and how these three skills…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Semantics, Vocabulary Development, Language Processing
Manfredi, Mirella; Cohn, Neil; Sanchez Mello, Pamella; Fernandez, Elizabeth; Boggio, Paulo Sergio – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
We examined semantic processing in ASD children by presenting sentences with congruent or incongruent final words and visual narratives with congruent or incongruent final panels. An N400 effect to incongruent words appeared as compared to congruent ones, which was attenuated for the ASD children. We observed a negativity sustained to incongruous…
Descriptors: Semantics, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Hsiao, Yaling; Bird, Megan; Norris, Helen; Pagán, Ascensión; Nation, Kate – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Semantic diversity quantifies the similarity in the content of contexts a word has been experienced in. Four experiments investigated its effect on lexical and semantic judgments in 9- to 10-year-olds and adults. In Experiment 1, a cross-modal semantic judgment task, participants decided whether a visually presented word matched an audio…
Descriptors: Semantics, Comparative Analysis, Decision Making, Children
Simeon, Katherine M.; Grieco-Calub, Tina M. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which phonological competition and semantic priming influence lexical access in school-aged children with cochlear implants (CIs) and children with normal acoustic hearing. Method: Participants included children who were 5-10 years of age with either normal hearing (n = 41) or…
Descriptors: Phonology, Semantics, Priming, Eye Movements
Reuter, Tracy; Borovsky, Arielle; Lew-Williams, Casey – Developmental Psychology, 2019
According to prediction-based learning theories, erroneous predictions support learning. However, empirical evidence for a relation between prediction error and children's language learning is currently lacking. Here we investigated whether and how prediction errors influence children's learning of novel words. We hypothesized that word learning…
Descriptors: Prediction, Error Patterns, Preschool Children, Language Processing
Harel-Arbeli, Tami; Wingfield, Arthur; Palgi, Yuval; Ben-David, Boaz M. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: The study examined age-related differences in the use of semantic context and in the effect of semantic competition in spoken sentence processing. We used offline (response latency) and online (eye gaze) measures, using the "visual world" eye-tracking paradigm. Method: Thirty younger and 30 older adults heard sentences related…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Semantics, Eye Movements, Young Adults
Batel, Essa – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2020
This study tested the effect of constraining sentence context on word recognition time (RT) in the first and second language. Native (L1) and nonnative (L2) speakers of English performed self-paced reading and listening tasks to see whether a semantically-rich preceding context would lead to the activation of a probable upcoming word prior to…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli, Auditory Perception
Kinoshita, Sachiko; Mills, Luke; Norris, Dennis – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Using the oral and manual Stroop tasks we tested the claim that retrieval of meaning from a written word is automatic, in the sense that it cannot be controlled. The semantic interference effect (greater interference caused by color-related words than color-neutral words) was used as the index of semantic activation. To manipulate the level of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Color, Interference (Learning), Visual Stimuli
Hughes-Berheim, Sarah S.; Cheimariou, Spyridoula; Shelley-Tremblay, John F.; Doheny, Margaret M.; Morett, Laura M. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2022
Taken together, the Coherence Principle of Multimedia Learning Theory and the Integrated Systems Hypothesis propose that co-occurring and semantically congruent verbal and visual information should be integrated into one mental representation that enhances memory. The purpose of this paper was to examine how learning pseudowords with matching…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Vocabulary Development, Systems Approach, Reading Processes
Brouwer, Susanne; Özkan, Deniz; Küntay, Aylin C. – Journal of Child Language, 2019
This study investigated whether cross-linguistic differences affect semantic prediction. We assessed this by looking at two languages, Dutch and Turkish, that differ in word order and thus vary in how words come together to create sentence meaning. In an eye-tracking task, Dutch and Turkish four-year-olds (N = 40), five-year-olds (N = 58), and…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Verbs, Contrastive Linguistics, Semantics
Ostarek, Markus; Huettig, Falk – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
It is well established that the comprehension of spoken words referring to object concepts relies on high-level visual areas in the ventral stream that build increasingly abstract representations. It is much less clear whether basic low-level visual representations are also involved. Here we asked in what task situations low-level visual…
Descriptors: Word Recognition, Comprehension, Visual Stimuli, Interference (Learning)