Increasingly researchers and practitioners have highlighted the importance of developing a sense of community in online courses and programs. However, many questions remain about the best ways to develop community in online courses. A recent literature review highlighted how influential Alfred P. Rovai's research has been to researchers of…

This exploratory sequential study of the sense of community and support experienced by women in the Organizational Leadership Doctor of Education (OLDE) online program at Home University, drew upon Kahu's (2013) holistic conceptual model of student engagement which emphasized a need for research that focuses on the student experience at individual…

Given rising levels of social isolation, disconnection, and concerns about mental health, the learning needs of many students today must also address their minds and hearts. Online learning environments particularly need to use technology to skillfully bridge gaps in connection. Mindfulness practices that involve focusing awareness on oneself in…

This paper reviews theories regarding online learning communities in higher education and their relevance to online degree programs. While these theories are used extensively to promote and maintain community within online courses, little attention has been placed on broader factors that can influence perceptions of online community. Based on our…

This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of students enrolled in online doctoral programs in the United States regarding how they defined and described connectedness as it relates to their online programs. The theoretical foundations of this study were Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and Bowlby's attachment theory. Two…

This quantitative predictive study investigated the intricate dynamics of the Imposter Phenomenon (IP) among online doctoral students, exploring its impact on Student Belongingness (SB) and Self-efficacy (SE). Findings revealed a significant negative association between higher IP scores and decreased SE, highlighting the imperative to address IP…

The purpose of this research was to examine differences between students at high and low levels of interactions, their perceived online presence (teaching, cognitive, and social), and the level of actual cognitive presence in asynchronous case-based discussions. The results revealed that among three online presences, teaching presence was the…

In this study, the impact of learner-learner interactions on sense of community in an online doctoral degree program is explored through a quasi-experimental mixed methods approach. Survey data and analysis from 46 enrolled students in an online EdD program at a private religiously affiliated Midwestern research university, along with qualitative…

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to understand how do counseling faculty describe the role of integrating religion and spirituality to foster a sense of community in their online classes at a faith-based higher education institution in the United States. The Sense of Community framework developed by McMinn and Chavis was the…

This study explored the relationship between student perceptions of transactional distance between themselves and their teachers and their sense of community presence as measured by the Community of Inquiry Questionnaire (Arbaugh et al., 2008), use of self-regulated learning skills as measured by the Online Student Learning Questionnaire (OSLQ)…

A sense of belonging is still a challenge for minority groups, including international students who pursue their degrees at Predominantly White Institutions. Being an online student, potentially impede a sense of belonging even more as prior research mentioned that online classes, specifically asynchronous are dominated by lack of interaction.…

The growing prevalence of online higher education courses has attracted millions of students, many of whom fall outside the traditional student demographic. This investigative study aims to close the existing knowledge gap about the experiences and preferences of adult asynchronous learners. The study was conducted as a series of semi-structured…

The purpose of this non-experimental, comparative, quantitative study was to determine if there were significant differences between the perceptions of male and female community college students about the importance of sense of community (SoC) in online classes and sense of instructor presence (IP) at eight southern, public, community colleges…

The sense of belonging is a complicated topic that is closely connected to one's understanding of identity, culture, and unique life experiences. We organized a one-semester-long workshop series titled "Revisiting Identity, Culture, and Belonging Through Art Making." This article discusses the outcomes of this multi-institutional project…

Students' social belonging in a general chemistry course has been shown to predict academic performance in that course. Additionally, students' social belonging at the beginning of a general chemistry course has been shown to differ across demographics, such as gender. This social belonging exists as both an absolute sense of belonging in the…