Examines parallelisms between surface structure and logical structure and why those parallelisms do not extend farther than they do. If syntactic deep structures are identified with logical structures, an appropriate cyclic principle guarantees that cyclic rules will apply so that large-scale parallelisms exist between surface syntactic structures…

This paper proposes an explanation for the limited possibilities of realized conjunctions in multitermed coordinations. It argues that conjunction "&" heads a fully articulated phrase (&P), which can iterate &P shells, similar to "V" in Larson's (1988) VP-shell hypothesis. This structure enables a single & to unify any number of conjuncts, and…

Review of some syntactic problems concerning the use of French pronouns. (PMP)

English has two classes of modal deference expressions that may be superordinate to performative verbs. Verbs representing the illocutionary force of a sentence are sometimes embedded in modal constructions whose function is auxiliary to the central illocutionary act. This phenomenon is discussed in this paper. (CK)

The effect of presuppositions on the applicability of grammatical rules is discussed. It is argued that the speaker's presupposition may cause a grammatical rule to become optional. (RM)

A COMPANION TO THE FIRST TWO VOLUMES OF THE STUDY OF HAUSA SYNTAX, THIS THIRD PART USES NINETEEN SPECIFIC TEXTS TO ACQUAINT THE READER WITH THREE TYPES OF WRITTEN HAUSA--PRINTED NARRATIVE, EXTEMPORE NARRATIVE, AND NEWSPAPER TEXTS. (THE FIRST TWO VOLUMES DEAL WITH STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION WORDS, RESPECTIVELY.) THE ENTIRE CORPUS IS APPROXIMATELY…

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN READER EFFICIENCY IN PROCESSING SENTENCES AND DIFFERENCES IN THE DEEP STRUCTURE OF THE STIMULUS SENTENCES WERE STUDIED. THE EFFICIENCY OF PROCESSING, AS MEASURED BY THE SUBJECTS' EYE-VOICE SPAN, VARIED WITH CHANGES IN THE DEEP STRUCTURE. COMPARISONS WERE MADE BETWEEN READER PROCESSING OF PAIRS OF SENTENCES IN WHICH THE…

Ninety-six subjects were assigned randomly to eight groups of 12 subjects. The independent variables were (1) controlled association strength between groups of words within a string (high association [HA] versus low association [LA]), (2) syntactic structure (grammatical [G] versus ungrammatical [U] strings), and (3) instructions (ordered learning…

An analysis of the pauses (holds) in a passage in American Sign Language reveals that sequences of signs are interspersed with holds of different lengths. Long holds appear to indicate the ends of sentences; shorter holds, the break between two conjoined sentences; and the shortest holds, breaks between internal constituents. (Author/MV)

The components of a dependency grammar are described, and some procedures for automatic sentence analysis are given. (HP)

The results of a survey in which 50 British university students were asked to assess the acceptability of 40 indirect object sentences are analyzed, and some problems inherent in English indirect object constructions are discussed. (DS)

The opinions of various grammarians and linguists about the correct usage of "adonde" and "a donde" are presented. (Text is in Spanish.) (CHK)

Techniques are outlined for translating the French imperfect subjunctive into English without syntactic awkwardness, based on the approach that the verb form is a logical system regulated by well-defined syntactic rules. (MSE)

When college students were required to remember a sequence of numbers before reading a sentence displayed at a constant rate and the syntactic structure was known beforehand, their recall of the number sequence was superior. When subjects were timed while reading individual sentences and syntactic structure was known beforehand, reading times…