Sign-tracking is a form of autoshaping where animals develop conditioned responding directed toward stimuli predictive of an outcome even though the outcome is not contingent on the animal's behavior. Sign-tracking behaviors are thought to arise out of the attribution of incentive salience (i.e., motivational value) to reward-predictive cues. It…

Two studies assessed the effects of material incentives and feedback on the use of rehearsal by first grade children. Subjects were required to remember the order in which the experimenter pointed to simple objects and rehearsal was assessed by observing lip movements during a 15-second retention interval. (Author/DB)